diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/.ruff.toml b/api/tests/unit_tests/.ruff.toml
index e0d91257136..30a367112d4 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/.ruff.toml
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/.ruff.toml
@@ -131,15 +131,12 @@ extend-select = ["ANN401", "ARG"]
 "core/callback_handler/test_workflow_tool_callback_handler.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/datasource/__base/test_datasource_provider.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/datasource/test_website_crawl.py" = ["ARG002"]
-"core/datasource/utils/test_message_transformer.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/entities/test_entities_mcp_provider.py" = ["ARG001"]
 "core/entities/test_entities_provider_configuration.py" = ["ANN401", "ARG001", "ARG005", "TID251"]
-"core/extension/test_extensible.py" = ["ARG002", "ARG005"]
 "core/external_data_tool/api/test_api.py" = ["ARG001"]
 "core/external_data_tool/test_base.py" = ["TID251"]
 "core/external_data_tool/test_external_data_fetch.py" = ["ARG001"]
 "core/helper/code_executor/test_code_executor.py" = ["TID251"]
-"core/helper/code_executor/test_template_transformer.py" = ["ANN401", "TID251"]
 "core/llm_generator/test_llm_generator.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/mcp/auth/test_auth_flow.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/mcp/client/test_session.py" = ["ARG001", "TID251"]
@@ -149,8 +146,6 @@ extend-select = ["ANN401", "ARG"]
 "core/mcp/session/test_client_session.py" = ["ARG005"]
 "core/mcp/test_mcp_client.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/memory/test_token_buffer_memory.py" = ["ARG002"]
-"core/moderation/test_content_moderation.py" = ["TID251"]
-"core/moderation/test_output_moderation.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG002"]
 "core/ops/test_base_trace_instance.py" = ["ARG001"]
 "core/ops/test_lookup_helpers.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/ops/test_ops_trace_manager.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG002", "ARG005"]
@@ -168,28 +163,21 @@ extend-select = ["ANN401", "ARG"]
 "core/prompt/test_prompt_transform.py" = ["ARG005"]
 "core/rag/datasource/keyword/jieba/test_jieba.py" = ["ARG001", "TID251"]
 "core/rag/datasource/keyword/jieba/test_jieba_keyword_table_handler.py" = ["ARG004"]
-"core/rag/datasource/keyword/test_keyword_factory.py" = ["ARG005"]
 "core/rag/datasource/test_datasource_retrieval.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG002", "ARG005", "TID251"]
 "core/rag/datasource/test_retrieval_attachment_access.py" = ["ARG005"]
 "core/rag/datasource/vdb/test_vector_factory.py" = ["ARG002"]
-"core/rag/embedding/test_embedding_base.py" = ["TID251"]
 "core/rag/embedding/test_embedding_service.py" = ["ARG001"]
-"core/rag/extractor/firecrawl/test_firecrawl.py" = ["TID251"]
 "core/rag/extractor/test_csv_extractor.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG005"]
 "core/rag/extractor/test_excel_extractor.py" = ["ARG002", "ARG005"]
 "core/rag/extractor/test_extract_processor.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG005"]
 "core/rag/extractor/test_helpers.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/rag/extractor/test_markdown_extractor.py" = ["ARG001"]
-"core/rag/extractor/test_pdf_extractor.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG005"]
-"core/rag/extractor/test_text_extractor.py" = ["ARG001"]
 "core/rag/extractor/test_word_extractor.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG002", "ARG005"]
 "core/rag/extractor/unstructured/test_unstructured_extractors.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG005"]
 "core/rag/extractor/watercrawl/test_watercrawl.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG005", "TID251"]
-"core/rag/indexing/processor/conftest.py" = ["ANN401", "ARG002", "TID251"]
 "core/rag/indexing/processor/test_paragraph_index_processor.py" = ["ARG002", "TID251"]
 "core/rag/indexing/processor/test_qa_index_processor.py" = ["ARG001", "TID251"]
 "core/rag/indexing/test_index_processor.py" = ["ARG005"]
-"core/rag/pipeline/test_queue.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/rag/retrieval/test_dataset_retrieval.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG002", "ARG005", "TID251"]
 "core/rag/splitter/test_text_splitter.py" = ["ARG002", "ARG005"]
 "core/repositories/test_celery_workflow_execution_repository.py" = ["ARG002"]
@@ -224,8 +212,6 @@ extend-select = ["ANN401", "ARG"]
 "core/tools/utils/test_web_reader_tool.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG002", "ARG005"]
 "core/tools/workflow_as_tool/test_provider.py" = ["TID251"]
 "core/tools/workflow_as_tool/test_tool.py" = ["ANN401", "ARG001", "ARG005", "TID251"]
-"core/trigger/conftest.py" = ["ANN401", "TID251"]
-"core/variables/test_segment_type_validation.py" = ["TID251"]
 "core/workflow/context/test_execution_context.py" = ["ANN401", "ARG002", "S110", "TID251"]
 "core/workflow/context/test_flask_app_context.py" = ["ARG002"]
 "core/workflow/generator/test_runner.py" = ["ARG001", "ARG002", "TID251"]
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/datasource/utils/test_message_transformer.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/datasource/utils/test_message_transformer.py
index 3e61fb806f0..08db10e457d 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/datasource/utils/test_message_transformer.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/datasource/utils/test_message_transformer.py
@@ -354,8 +354,8 @@ class TestDatasourceFileMessageTransformer:
             assert result[0].type == DatasourceMessage.MessageType.BINARY_LINK
             assert _text(result[0]) == "/files/datasources/blob_id_no_name.bin"
 
-    @patch("core.datasource.utils.message_transformer.ToolFileManager")
-    def test_transform_image_message_not_text_message(self, mock_tool_file_manager_cls: MagicMock) -> None:
+    @patch("core.datasource.utils.message_transformer.ToolFileManager", new=MagicMock())
+    def test_transform_image_message_not_text_message(self) -> None:
         # This tests line 24-26 where it checks if message is instance of TextMessage
         messages = [
             DatasourceMessage(
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/extension/test_extensible.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/extension/test_extensible.py
index 2f8c9aca3cd..79977b79dcb 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/extension/test_extensible.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/extension/test_extensible.py
@@ -254,12 +254,11 @@ class TestExtensible:
     @patch("core.extension.extensible.os.listdir")
     @patch("core.extension.extensible.os.path.isdir")
     @patch("core.extension.extensible.os.path.exists")
-    @patch("core.extension.extensible.Path.read_text")
+    @patch("core.extension.extensible.Path.read_text", new=MagicMock())
     @patch("core.extension.extensible.importlib.util.module_from_spec")
     def test_scan_extensions_builtin_without_position_file(
         self,
         mock_module_from_spec: MagicMock,
-        mock_read_text: MagicMock,
         mock_exists: MagicMock,
         mock_isdir: MagicMock,
         mock_listdir: MagicMock,
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/helper/code_executor/test_template_transformer.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/helper/code_executor/test_template_transformer.py
index d9d171efaea..c4863d25499 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/helper/code_executor/test_template_transformer.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/helper/code_executor/test_template_transformer.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import json
 from base64 import b64decode
-from typing import Any
+from typing import NoReturn
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def test_serialize_inputs_encodes_payload() -> None:
 def test_transform_response_parses_json_result_and_converts_scientific_notation() -> None:
     response = '<<RESULT>>{"value": "1e+3", "nested": {"x": "2E-2"}, "arr": ["3e+1"]}<<RESULT>>'
 
-    result: dict[str, Any] = _DummyTransformer.transform_response(response)
+    result: dict[str, object] = _DummyTransformer.transform_response(response)
 
     assert result == {"value": 1000.0, "nested": {"x": 0.02}, "arr": [30.0]}
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def test_transform_response_raises_for_non_string_keys(monkeypatch: pytest.Monke
 
 
 def test_transform_response_raises_for_unexpected_errors(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
-    def _raise_unexpected(_: str) -> Any:
+    def _raise_unexpected(_: str) -> NoReturn:
         raise RuntimeError("boom")
 
     monkeypatch.setattr("json.loads", _raise_unexpected)
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_content_moderation.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_content_moderation.py
index 1dd72235101..03e6736311c 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_content_moderation.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_content_moderation.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ This module tests all aspects of the content moderation system including:
 - Configuration validation
 """
 
-from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
 
 import pytest
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ class TestKeywordsModeration:
     """Test suite for custom keyword-based content moderation."""
 
     @pytest.fixture
-    def keywords_config(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def keywords_config(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         """
         Fixture providing a standard keywords moderation configuration.
 
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ class TestKeywordsModeration:
         }
 
     @pytest.fixture
-    def keywords_moderation(self, keywords_config: dict[str, Any]) -> KeywordsModeration:
+    def keywords_moderation(self, keywords_config: dict[str, object]) -> KeywordsModeration:
         """
         Fixture providing a KeywordsModeration instance.
 
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ class TestKeywordsModeration:
             config=keywords_config,
         )
 
-    def test_validate_config_success(self, keywords_config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    def test_validate_config_success(self, keywords_config: dict[str, object]) -> None:
         """Test successful validation of keywords moderation configuration."""
         # Should not raise any exception
         KeywordsModeration.validate_config("test-tenant", keywords_config)
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ class TestKeywordsModeration:
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="inputs_config.preset_response must be less than 100 characters"):
             KeywordsModeration.validate_config("test-tenant", config)
 
-    def test_moderation_for_inputs_crlf_keywords_match(self, keywords_config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    def test_moderation_for_inputs_crlf_keywords_match(self, keywords_config: dict[str, object]) -> None:
         """Keywords pasted with Windows line endings still match."""
         keywords_config["keywords"] = "spam\r\nfree money"
         moderation = KeywordsModeration(app_id="app", tenant_id="tenant", config=keywords_config)
@@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ class TestKeywordsModeration:
 
         assert result.flagged is True
 
-    def test_moderation_whitespace_only_keyword_row_is_ignored(self, keywords_config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    def test_moderation_whitespace_only_keyword_row_is_ignored(self, keywords_config: dict[str, object]) -> None:
         """A whitespace-only keyword row must not flag every message."""
         keywords_config["keywords"] = "spam\n   \n "
         moderation = KeywordsModeration(app_id="app", tenant_id="tenant", config=keywords_config)
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ class TestOpenAIModeration:
     """Test suite for OpenAI-based content moderation."""
 
     @pytest.fixture
-    def openai_config(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def openai_config(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         """
         Fixture providing OpenAI moderation configuration.
 
@@ -312,7 +311,7 @@ class TestOpenAIModeration:
         }
 
     @pytest.fixture
-    def openai_moderation(self, openai_config: dict[str, Any]) -> OpenAIModeration:
+    def openai_moderation(self, openai_config: dict[str, object]) -> OpenAIModeration:
         """
         Fixture providing an OpenAIModeration instance.
 
@@ -328,7 +327,7 @@ class TestOpenAIModeration:
             config=openai_config,
         )
 
-    def test_validate_config_success(self, openai_config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    def test_validate_config_success(self, openai_config: dict[str, object]) -> None:
         """Test successful validation of OpenAI moderation configuration."""
         # Should not raise any exception
         OpenAIModeration.validate_config("test-tenant", openai_config)
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_output_moderation.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_output_moderation.py
index cfc5e5139e1..e5569709406 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_output_moderation.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/moderation/test_output_moderation.py
@@ -154,9 +154,7 @@ class TestOutputModeration:
         result = output_moderation.moderation("tenant", "app", "buffer")
         assert result is None
 
-    def test_worker_loop_and_exit(
-        self, output_moderation: OutputModeration, queue_manager: MessageBasedAppQueueManager
-    ) -> None:
+    def test_worker_loop_and_exit(self, output_moderation: OutputModeration) -> None:
         app = Flask(__name__)
 
         # Test exit on thread_running=False
@@ -174,7 +172,7 @@ class TestOutputModeration:
             output_moderation.is_final_chunk = True
 
             # To avoid infinite loop, we'll set thread_running to False after one iteration
-            def side_effect[**P](*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> object:
+            def side_effect(*_args: object, **_kwargs: object) -> object:
                 output_moderation.thread_running = False
                 return mock_moderation.return_value
 
@@ -210,7 +208,7 @@ class TestOutputModeration:
 
         with patch.object(OutputModeration, "moderation") as mock_moderation:
             # Use side_effect to change thread_running on second call
-            def side_effect[**P](*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> object:
+            def side_effect(*_args: object, **_kwargs: object) -> object:
                 if mock_moderation.call_count > 1:
                     output_moderation.thread_running = False
                     return None
@@ -234,7 +232,7 @@ class TestOutputModeration:
             output_moderation.buffer = "123"  # length 3
             output_moderation.is_final_chunk = False
 
-            def sleep_side_effect(seconds: float) -> None:
+            def sleep_side_effect(_seconds: float) -> None:
                 output_moderation.thread_running = False
 
             mock_sleep.side_effect = sleep_side_effect
@@ -251,7 +249,7 @@ class TestOutputModeration:
             # Return None (exception or no rule)
             mock_moderation.return_value = None
 
-            def side_effect[**P](*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> object:
+            def side_effect(*_args: object, **_kwargs: object) -> object:
                 output_moderation.thread_running = False
 
             mock_moderation.side_effect = side_effect
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/datasource/keyword/test_keyword_factory.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/datasource/keyword/test_keyword_factory.py
index 21a82f48ec3..4c5bae70ea8 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/datasource/keyword/test_keyword_factory.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/datasource/keyword/test_keyword_factory.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def test_keyword_initialization_uses_configured_factory(monkeypatch: pytest.Monk
     fake_processor = MagicMock()
 
     apply_config_overrides(monkeypatch, KEYWORD_STORE=KeyWordType.JIEBA)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(Keyword, "get_keyword_factory", staticmethod(lambda keyword_type: lambda _: fake_processor))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(Keyword, "get_keyword_factory", staticmethod(lambda _keyword_type: lambda _: fake_processor))
 
     keyword = Keyword(dataset)
 
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/embedding/test_embedding_base.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/embedding/test_embedding_base.py
index 83ddc10739c..6cda4d07a3c 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/embedding/test_embedding_base.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/embedding/test_embedding_base.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import asyncio
 import inspect
-from typing import Any, override
+from typing import override
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class ConcreteEmbeddings(Embeddings):
         return [[1.0] * 10 for _ in texts]
 
     @override
-    def embed_multimodal_documents(self, multimodel_documents: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[list[float]]:
+    def embed_multimodal_documents(self, multimodel_documents: list[dict[str, object]]) -> list[list[float]]:
         return [[1.0] * 10 for _ in multimodel_documents]
 
     @override
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class ConcreteEmbeddings(Embeddings):
         return [1.0] * 10
 
     @override
-    def embed_multimodal_query(self, multimodel_document: dict[str, Any]) -> list[float]:
+    def embed_multimodal_query(self, multimodel_document: dict[str, object]) -> list[float]:
         return [1.0] * 10
 
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class _SuperCallingEmbeddings(Embeddings):
         return super().embed_documents(texts)
 
     @override
-    def embed_multimodal_documents(self, multimodel_documents: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[list[float]]:
+    def embed_multimodal_documents(self, multimodel_documents: list[dict[str, object]]) -> list[list[float]]:
         return super().embed_multimodal_documents(multimodel_documents)
 
     @override
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class _SuperCallingEmbeddings(Embeddings):
         return super().embed_query(text)
 
     @override
-    def embed_multimodal_query(self, multimodel_document: dict[str, Any]) -> list[float]:
+    def embed_multimodal_query(self, multimodel_document: dict[str, object]) -> list[float]:
         return super().embed_multimodal_query(multimodel_document)
 
 
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class TestEmbeddingsBase:
     def test_concrete_implementation_embed_multimodal_documents(self) -> None:
         """Test concrete implementation of embed_multimodal_documents."""
         concrete = ConcreteEmbeddings()
-        docs: list[dict[str, Any]] = [{"file_id": "file1"}, {"file_id": "file2"}]
+        docs: list[dict[str, object]] = [{"file_id": "file1"}, {"file_id": "file2"}]
         result = concrete.embed_multimodal_documents(docs)
         assert len(result) == 2
 
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/firecrawl/test_firecrawl.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/firecrawl/test_firecrawl.py
index 9d4d106c982..9a33ff6effd 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/firecrawl/test_firecrawl.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/firecrawl/test_firecrawl.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import json
 from collections.abc import Mapping
-from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, create_autospec
 
 import pytest
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ from services.data_source.provider_service import DatasourceProviderService
 from services.data_source.website_service import WebsiteService
 
 
-def _response(status_code: int, json_data: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None, text: str = "") -> MagicMock:
+def _response(status_code: int, json_data: Mapping[str, object] | None = None, text: str = "") -> MagicMock:
     response = MagicMock()
     response.status_code = status_code
     response.text = text
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_pdf_extractor.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_pdf_extractor.py
index 2f1b5287d74..b7d5588c90f 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_pdf_extractor.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_pdf_extractor.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def test_extract_images_formats(
     mock_page = MagicMock()
     mock_image_obj = MagicMock()
 
-    def mock_extract(buf: io.BytesIO, fb_format: str | None = None) -> None:
+    def mock_extract(buf: io.BytesIO, **_kwargs: object) -> None:
         buf.write(image_bytes)
 
     mock_image_obj.extract.side_effect = mock_extract
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ def test_extract_images_formats(
     ],
 )
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("sqlite_session", [(UploadFile,)], indirect=True)
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_dependencies")
 def test_extract_images_get_objects_scenarios(
-    mock_dependencies: _Dependencies,
     get_objects_side_effect: Exception | None,
     get_objects_return_value: list[object] | None,
 ) -> None:
@@ -139,7 +139,8 @@ def test_extract_images_get_objects_scenarios(
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("sqlite_session", [(UploadFile,)], indirect=True)
-def test_extract_calls_extract_images(mock_dependencies: _Dependencies, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_dependencies")
+def test_extract_calls_extract_images(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
     # Mock pypdfium2
     mock_pdf_doc = MagicMock()
     mock_page = MagicMock()
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ def test_extract_calls_extract_images(mock_dependencies: _Dependencies, monkeypa
             extractor = pe.PdfExtractor(file_path="test.pdf", tenant_id=TENANT_ID, user_id=USER_ID)
 
             # Mock _extract_images to return a known string
-            monkeypatch.setattr(extractor, "_extract_images", lambda p: "![image](img_url)")
+            monkeypatch.setattr(extractor, "_extract_images", lambda _page: "![image](img_url)")
 
             documents = list(extractor.extract())
 
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ def test_extract_images_failures(mock_dependencies: _Dependencies) -> None:
     # Second image is OK (JPEG)
     jpeg_bytes = b"\xff\xd8\xff some image data"
 
-    def mock_extract(buf: io.BytesIO, fb_format: str | None = None) -> None:
+    def mock_extract(buf: io.BytesIO, **_kwargs: object) -> None:
         buf.write(jpeg_bytes)
 
     mock_image_obj_ok.extract.side_effect = mock_extract
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_text_extractor.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_text_extractor.py
index 8fe0fa069af..2d209909cc6 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_text_extractor.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/extractor/test_text_extractor.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class TestTextExtractor:
 
         calls = []
 
-        def fake_read_text(self: Path, encoding: str | None = None) -> str:
+        def fake_read_text(_self: Path, encoding: str | None = None) -> str:
             calls.append(encoding)
             if encoding is None:
                 raise UnicodeDecodeError("utf-8", b"x", 0, 1, "decode")
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class TestTextExtractor:
     def test_extract_autodetect_all_fail_raises_runtime_error(self, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
         extractor = TextExtractor("dummy.txt", autodetect_encoding=True)
 
-        def always_decode_error(self: Path, encoding: str | None = None) -> str:
+        def always_decode_error(_self: Path, **_kwargs: object) -> str:
             raise UnicodeDecodeError("utf-8", b"x", 0, 1, "decode")
 
         monkeypatch.setattr(Path, "read_text", always_decode_error, raising=True)
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class TestTextExtractor:
     ) -> None:
         extractor = TextExtractor("dummy.txt", autodetect_encoding=False)
 
-        def always_decode_error(self: Path, encoding: str | None = None) -> str:
+        def always_decode_error(_self: Path, **_kwargs: object) -> str:
             raise UnicodeDecodeError("utf-8", b"x", 0, 1, "decode")
 
         monkeypatch.setattr(Path, "read_text", always_decode_error, raising=True)
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class TestTextExtractor:
     def test_extract_wraps_non_decode_exceptions(self, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
         extractor = TextExtractor("dummy.txt")
 
-        def raise_other(self: Path, encoding: str | None = None) -> str:
+        def raise_other(_self: Path, **_kwargs: object) -> str:
             raise OSError("io error")
 
         monkeypatch.setattr(Path, "read_text", raise_other, raising=True)
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/indexing/processor/conftest.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/indexing/processor/conftest.py
index 2a3860e1070..08eb88544fd 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/indexing/processor/conftest.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/indexing/processor/conftest.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 from contextlib import AbstractContextManager, nullcontext
-from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -10,7 +9,7 @@ class _FakeFlaskApp:
 
 
 class _FakeExecutor:
-    def __init__(self, future: Any) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, future: object) -> None:
         self._future = future
 
     def __enter__(self) -> "_FakeExecutor":
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ class _FakeExecutor:
     def __exit__(self, exc_type: object, exc_value: object, traceback: object) -> bool:
         return False
 
-    def submit(self, func: object, preview: object) -> Any:
+    def submit(self, *_args: object) -> object:
         return self._future
 
 
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/pipeline/test_queue.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/pipeline/test_queue.py
index 4a1203f095c..90f2f4ce4b1 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/pipeline/test_queue.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/rag/pipeline/test_queue.py
@@ -75,13 +75,7 @@ class TestTenantIsolatedTaskQueue:
     """Test cases for TenantIsolatedTaskQueue functionality."""
 
     @pytest.fixture
-    def mock_redis_client(self) -> MagicMock:
-        """Mock Redis client for testing."""
-        mock_redis = MagicMock()
-        return mock_redis
-
-    @pytest.fixture
-    def sample_queue(self, mock_redis_client: MagicMock) -> TenantIsolatedTaskQueue:
+    def sample_queue(self) -> TenantIsolatedTaskQueue:
         """Create a sample TenantIsolatedTaskQueue instance."""
         return TenantIsolatedTaskQueue("tenant-123", "test-key")
 
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/trigger/conftest.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/trigger/conftest.py
index bf246c00ef8..45c2bf8a2af 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/trigger/conftest.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/trigger/conftest.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any
-
 from core.entities.provider_entities import ProviderConfig
 from core.tools.entities.common_entities import I18nObject
 from core.trigger.entities.entities import (
@@ -72,15 +70,14 @@ def make_controller(
     )
 
 
-def make_subscription(**overrides: Any) -> Subscription:
-    defaults = {
+def make_subscription(**overrides: object) -> Subscription:
+    defaults: dict[str, object] = {
         "expires_at": 9999999999,
         "endpoint": "https://hook.test",
         "properties": {"k": "v"},
         "parameters": dict[str, object](),
     }
-    defaults.update(overrides)
-    return Subscription(**defaults)
+    return Subscription.model_validate(defaults | overrides)
 
 
 def make_provider_config(
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/variables/test_segment_type_validation.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/variables/test_segment_type_validation.py
index 07cf7f0de84..bb294ba3904 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/variables/test_segment_type_validation.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/variables/test_segment_type_validation.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ including edge cases, error conditions, and different ArrayValidation strategies
 """
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ class ValidationTestCase:
     """Test case data structure for validation tests."""
 
     segment_type: SegmentType
-    value: Any
+    value: object
     expected: bool
     description: str
 
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ class ArrayValidationTestCase:
     """Test case data structure for array validation tests."""
 
     segment_type: SegmentType
-    value: Any
+    value: object
     array_validation: ArrayValidation
     expected: bool
     description: str
@@ -561,7 +560,7 @@ class TestSegmentTypeIsValid:
 
         for segment_type in all_segment_types:
             # Create a valid test value for each type
-            test_value: Any = None
+            test_value: object = None
             if segment_type == SegmentType.STRING:
                 test_value = "test"
             elif segment_type in {SegmentType.NUMBER, SegmentType.INTEGER}:
@@ -730,7 +729,7 @@ class TestSegmentTypeValidationIntegration:
 
         for segment_type in non_array_types:
             # Create appropriate valid value for each type
-            valid_value: Any
+            valid_value: object
             if segment_type == SegmentType.STRING:
                 valid_value = "test"
             elif segment_type == SegmentType.NUMBER: