diff --git a/apps/agent/src/capabilities/window.ts b/apps/agent/src/capabilities/window.ts
index 09fe3bf..dc20c0b 100644
--- a/apps/agent/src/capabilities/window.ts
+++ b/apps/agent/src/capabilities/window.ts
@@ -160,7 +160,29 @@ export async function windowFocus(args: Args): Promise<unknown> {
   if (!title && !hwnd) {
     throw new CapabilityError(ErrorCodes.PARAM_INVALID, '需提供 title（正则）或 hwnd');
   }
+  // v12.2：等窗口出现（应用启动有延迟，一次性查找极易假失败）
+  const waitMs = Math.max(0, Math.min(30_000, (args['wait_ms'] as number | undefined) ?? 0));
+  if (waitMs > 0 && !hwnd) {
+    const t0 = Date.now();
+    let lastErr: unknown = null;
+    while (Date.now() - t0 < waitMs) {
+      try {
+        return await focusOnce(title, hwnd);
+      } catch (err) {
+        lastErr = err;
+        await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 500));
+      }
+    }
+    throw lastErr instanceof Error
+      ? lastErr
+      : new CapabilityError(ErrorCodes.EXECUTION_FAILED, `等待 ${waitMs}ms 仍未找到窗口`, { title });
+  }
 
+  return focusOnce(title, hwnd);
+}
+
+/** 单次聚焦（供等待重试复用）。 */
+async function focusOnce(title: string | undefined, hwnd: string | undefined): Promise<unknown> {
   const script = `${WIN32_PRELUDE}
 $h = [IntPtr]::Zero
 $want = ${JSON.stringify(hwnd ?? '')}
@@ -271,6 +293,10 @@ export async function screenFind(args: Args): Promise<unknown> {
   const controlType = args['control_type'] as string | undefined;
   const limit = (args['limit'] as number | undefined) ?? 20;
   const method = (args['method'] as string | undefined) ?? 'auto'; // auto | uia | ocr
+  // v12.2：等待语义 —— 界面常有动画/加载延迟，一次性查找极易假失败。
+  // wait_ms > 0 时轮询直到命中或超时（返回 waited_ms 让调用方知情）。
+  const waitMs = Math.max(0, Math.min(30_000, (args['wait_ms'] as number | undefined) ?? 0));
+  const intervalMs = Math.max(100, Math.min(2000, (args['interval_ms'] as number | undefined) ?? 400));
 
   // ---------- UIA 引擎 ----------
   const uiaFind = async (): Promise<Record<string, unknown>[]> => {
@@ -488,17 +514,27 @@ $out | ConvertTo-Json -Compress
     return toArray<Record<string, unknown>>(extractJson<Record<string, unknown>[]>(out) ?? []);
   };
 
-  if (method === 'uia') {
-    return { matches: (await uiaFind()).slice(0, limit), engine: 'uia' };
+  /** 单次尝试（按 method 选择引擎）。 */
+  const attempt = async (): Promise<{ matches: Record<string, unknown>[]; engine: string }> => {
+    if (method === 'uia') return { matches: (await uiaFind()).slice(0, limit), engine: 'uia' };
+    if (method === 'ocr') return { matches: (await ocrFind()).slice(0, limit), engine: 'ocr' };
+    // auto：UIA 优先（快且带控件语义），找不到再 OCR 兜底（自绘 UI）
+    const uiaMatches = await uiaFind();
+    if (uiaMatches.length > 0) return { matches: uiaMatches.slice(0, limit), engine: 'uia' };
+    const ocrMatches = await ocrFind();
+    return { matches: ocrMatches.slice(0, limit), engine: 'ocr' };
+  };
+
+  const startedAt = Date.now();
+  let last = await attempt();
+  while (last.matches.length === 0 && Date.now() - startedAt < waitMs) {
+    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, intervalMs));
+    last = await attempt();
   }
-  if (method === 'ocr') {
-    return { matches: (await ocrFind()).slice(0, limit), engine: 'ocr' };
-  }
-  // auto：UIA 优先（快且带控件语义），找不到再 OCR 兜底（自绘 UI）
-  const uiaMatches = await uiaFind();
-  if (uiaMatches.length > 0) {
-    return { matches: uiaMatches.slice(0, limit), engine: 'uia' };
-  }
-  const ocrMatches = await ocrFind();
-  return { matches: ocrMatches.slice(0, limit), engine: 'ocr' };
+  return {
+    matches: last.matches,
+    engine: last.engine,
+    waited_ms: Date.now() - startedAt,
+    ...(waitMs > 0 ? { wait_ms: waitMs } : {}),
+  };
 }
diff --git a/apps/mcp/src/index.ts b/apps/mcp/src/index.ts
index 3d3b50a..3b37ad2 100644
--- a/apps/mcp/src/index.ts
+++ b/apps/mcp/src/index.ts
@@ -312,6 +312,7 @@ const TOOLS = [
       type: 'object',
       properties: {
         title: { type: 'string', description: '窗口标题（正则，匹配第一个）' },
+        wait_ms: { type: 'integer', description: '等待窗口出现（应用刚启动时用）' },
       },
       required: ['title'],
       additionalProperties: false,
@@ -337,6 +338,10 @@ const TOOLS = [
           description: 'auto=UIA 优先+OCR 兜底；uia=仅 UIA；ocr=仅截图识别',
         },
         limit: { type: 'integer', description: '返回上限（默认 20）' },
+        wait_ms: {
+          type: 'integer',
+          description: '等待元素出现的上限毫秒（0=只查一次）。界面有动画/加载时建议 3000~8000',
+        },
       },
       required: ['text'],
       additionalProperties: false,
diff --git a/packages/client/src/macro.ts b/packages/client/src/macro.ts
index a8bd960..0eac833 100644
--- a/packages/client/src/macro.ts
+++ b/packages/client/src/macro.ts
@@ -106,7 +106,10 @@ async function runStep(ctx: MacroContext, step: MacroStep): Promise<string> {
     case 'focus': {
       const title = String(step['title'] ?? '');
       if (!title) throw new Error('focus 需要 title');
-      const d = (await invoke(c, CapabilityNames.WindowFocus, { title })) as { title?: string; x: number; y: number; width: number; height: number };
+      const d = (await invoke(c, CapabilityNames.WindowFocus, {
+        title,
+        ...(step['wait_ms'] !== undefined ? { wait_ms: step['wait_ms'] } : {}),
+      }, Number(step['timeout_ms'] ?? 60_000))) as { title?: string; x: number; y: number; width: number; height: number; activated_by?: string };
       return `已聚焦「${d.title ?? title}」(${d.x},${d.y} ${d.width}x${d.height})`;
     }
     case 'find': {
@@ -116,13 +119,18 @@ async function runStep(ctx: MacroContext, step: MacroStep): Promise<string> {
       if (step['method']) args['method'] = step['method'];
       if (step['window']) args['window'] = step['window'];
       if (step['control_type']) args['control_type'] = step['control_type'];
+      // v12.2：等待语义（界面有加载/动画时必备，避免假失败）
+      if (step['wait_ms'] !== undefined) args['wait_ms'] = step['wait_ms'];
+      if (step['interval_ms'] !== undefined) args['interval_ms'] = step['interval_ms'];
       const d = (await invoke(c, CapabilityNames.ScreenFind, args, 120_000)) as {
         engine: string;
         matches: Array<{ name: string; x: number; y: number }>;
+        waited_ms?: number;
       };
       if (d.matches.length === 0) throw new Error(`未找到「${text}」（引擎 ${d.engine}）`);
       const m = d.matches[0]!;
-      const detail = `命中「${m.name}」@(${m.x},${m.y}) via ${d.engine}`;
+      const waited = d.waited_ms && d.waited_ms > 800 ? `（等待 ${d.waited_ms}ms）` : '';
+      const detail = `命中「${m.name}」@(${m.x},${m.y}) via ${d.engine}${waited}`;
       if (step['click'] === true || step['dblclick'] === true) {
         await invoke(c, CapabilityNames.MouseClick, {
           x: m.x,
@@ -221,11 +229,13 @@ async function runStep(ctx: MacroContext, step: MacroStep): Promise<string> {
         if (d.windows.length === 0) throw new Error(`未找到标题匹配「${expect}」的窗口`);
         return `窗口断言通过（${d.windows.length} 个）`;
       }
-      // screen：用 screen.find 判定元素是否存在
+      // screen：用 screen.find 判定元素是否存在（支持 wait_ms 等待出现）
       const d = (await invoke(c, CapabilityNames.ScreenFind, {
         text: expect,
         method: step['method'] ?? 'auto',
         limit: 1,
+        ...(step['wait_ms'] !== undefined ? { wait_ms: step['wait_ms'] } : {}),
+        ...(step['interval_ms'] !== undefined ? { interval_ms: step['interval_ms'] } : {}),
       }, 120_000)) as { engine: string; matches: unknown[] };
       if (d.matches.length === 0) throw new Error(`屏幕上未找到「${expect}」（引擎 ${d.engine}）`);
       return `屏幕断言通过（via ${d.engine}）`;
diff --git a/packages/protocol/src/capabilities.ts b/packages/protocol/src/capabilities.ts
index 245854d..66905d4 100644
--- a/packages/protocol/src/capabilities.ts
+++ b/packages/protocol/src/capabilities.ts
@@ -733,6 +733,13 @@ export const CAPABILITY_MANIFEST: CapabilityDescriptor[] = [
       properties: {
         title: { type: 'string', description: '窗口标题（正则，匹配第一个）' },
         hwnd: { type: 'string', description: '或直接给窗口句柄' },
+        wait_ms: {
+          type: 'integer',
+          minimum: 0,
+          maximum: 30000,
+          default: 0,
+          description: '等待窗口出现（应用启动有延迟时用；仅 title 模式有效）',
+        },
       },
       additionalProperties: false,
     },
@@ -773,6 +780,14 @@ export const CAPABILITY_MANIFEST: CapabilityDescriptor[] = [
           description: 'auto=UIA 优先+OCR 兜底；uia=仅 UIA；ocr=仅截图识别',
         },
         limit: { type: 'integer', default: 20 },
+        wait_ms: {
+          type: 'integer',
+          minimum: 0,
+          maximum: 30000,
+          default: 0,
+          description: '等待元素出现的上限毫秒（0=只查一次）。界面有动画/加载时用',
+        },
+        interval_ms: { type: 'integer', minimum: 100, maximum: 2000, default: 400 },
       },
       required: ['text'],
       additionalProperties: false,
@@ -781,6 +796,7 @@ export const CAPABILITY_MANIFEST: CapabilityDescriptor[] = [
       type: 'object',
       properties: {
         engine: { type: 'string', description: '实际使用的引擎：uia | ocr' },
+        waited_ms: { type: 'integer', description: '实际等待时长（便于诊断是否命中等待窗口）' },
         matches: {
           type: 'array',
           items: {