fix(memhub): pass every UI language to the SDK, zh-Hans included

The owner's decision for #243: a zh-Hans UI now sets
MemoryConfig.language="zh-Hans" like every other UI language, so App users
never fall back to the SDK's zh/en auto-detect. Only an unset language
(CLI/API-only installs, or 'settings language system') keeps auto-detect.
status --json pipeline.sdk_language shows zh-Hans for zh-Hans users.

Desktop now syncs the language the GUI shows (snapshot.locale), not the raw
preference: an App that follows the system sends the resolved locale
(e.g. zh-Hans on a Chinese macOS) instead of null.

Refs #243 (MemHub passes the language explicitly; the SDK's System 2
auto-detect is left unchanged for direct SDK users)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -4,8 +4,46 @@ Hy Memory and MemHub are versioned and released independently.
 
 ## Unreleased
 
+## MemHub 1.0.6 — 2026-11-02
+
+Build 37, on `hy-memory==2.0.11`. Linux x64/arm64 Runtime and macOS arm64
+App and Runtime.
+
+- Interfaces in 11 languages: English, Simplified and Traditional Chinese,
+  Japanese, Spanish, German, Portuguese, French, Korean, Russian and
+  Indonesian. Choosing any language other than Simplified Chinese also sets
+  the SDK prompt language; Simplified Chinese keeps the automatic zh/en
+  detection.
+- Memory modes: lite (no LLM, keeps raw conversations), pro (LLM extraction)
+  and ultra (pro plus the knowledge graph and a nightly evolve run). Set with
+  `GET`/`PUT /api/v1/settings/memory-mode` or `memhub settings mode`. Raw
+  conversations are now kept permanently. `POST /api/v2/evolve` and
+  `memhub evolve` run System 2 on demand.
+- Safe embedding-model switching: an embedding-space registry, a switch that
+  pauses writes, re-embeds every user's vectors and the graph, verifies and
+  commits atomically, and resumes after a crash or an App update. Every start
+  scans the vector store and merges data left in other spaces. When the
+  embedding service is unavailable, search returns `embedding_unavailable`.
+- Multi-user Runtime: memory APIs and the CLI take `user_id` (default
+  `local`); records are isolated per user; Hermes profiles can be connected as
+  separate users. The App keeps using `local`.
+- Configurable SDK features through the CLI and API (`memhub settings
+  features`): graph rerank, episode recall, session episodes, episode
+  summaries, intention and few-shot. Defaults are unchanged.
+- Search and recall pass through the SDK's search parameters with server-side
+  score floors; the memory library filters by layer; `/api/v2/raw` returns
+  data again; v2 source and import routes; profile version history.
+- Upgrade fixes: migration no longer stops without a model profile (#234) or
+  on a pre-existing readback mismatch (#229, #240); source grants work after
+  the cutover (#233); reads use the active embedding (#242); the embedding
+  endpoint no longer follows the generation `base_url`.
+- Hermes import drops gateway notices and probes and unwraps relayed
+  messages; `memhub logs` no longer reports valid older records as damaged.
+
 ## Hy Memory 2.0.11 — 2026-11-01
 
+- Published
+  [`hy-memory==2.0.11`](https://pypi.org/project/hy-memory/2.0.11/).
 - LLM prompts now ship in 11 languages: `en`, `zh-Hans`,
   `zh-Hant`, `ja`, `es`, `de`, `pt`, `fr`, `ko`, `ru` and `id`. They live in
   one registry, `hy_memory/prompts/`, with one module per language. Call

README.md

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ English | [中文](README.zh.md)
 ## Latest News
 
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 🚀 **Open-sourced** quantized **FP8** (**[Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-FP8](https://huggingface.co/tencent/Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-FP8)**) and **GGUF** (**[Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-GGUF](https://huggingface.co/tencent/Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-GGUF)**) versions of **Hy-Memory-30B-A3B** on Hugging Face!
+* *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-11]**: 📦 **Released [MemHub v1.0.6](https://github.com/Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory/releases/tag/v1.0.6)** with interfaces in 11 languages, memory modes (lite / pro / ultra with nightly evolve), safe embedding-model switching, multi-user support for the CLI and API, and more reliable upgrades, on **`hy-memory==2.0.11`**. See the release notes for details.
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 📦 **Released [MemHub v1.0.5](https://github.com/Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory/releases/tag/v1.0.5)** with Chinese, English and Spanish interfaces, one-time pairing codes for more custom Harnesses, and smoother browsing, search, startup and recovery, on **`hy-memory==2.0.8`**. See the release notes for details.
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 📦 **Released [MemHub v1.0.4](https://github.com/Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory/releases/tag/v1.0.4)** and **[memhub-cli 1.0.5](https://www.npmjs.com/package/memhub-cli/v/1.0.5)**, with a signed macOS desktop app and verified macOS/Linux Runtimes!
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 🚀 **Released** **Hy Memory 2.0 (`hy-memory==2.0.4`)** on [PyPI](https://pypi.org/project/hy-memory/2.0.4/) and open-sourced the **Hy-Memory** monorepo together with **[MemHub](memhub/README.md)**!

README.zh.md

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 ## 最新动态
 
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 🚀 **模型开源** 在 Hugging Face 发布 **Hy-Memory-30B-A3B** 的 **FP8**（**[Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-FP8](https://huggingface.co/tencent/Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-FP8)**）与 **GGUF**（**[Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-GGUF](https://huggingface.co/tencent/Hy-Memory-30B-A3B-GGUF)**）量化版本模型！
+* *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-11]**: 📦 **正式发布 [MemHub v1.0.6](https://github.com/Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory/releases/tag/v1.0.6)**：界面支持 11 种语言，新增记忆模式（lite / pro / ultra，ultra 每晚自动整理），可安全切换嵌入模型，CLI 和 API 支持多用户，升级更可靠；底层使用 **`hy-memory==2.0.11`**。详见发布说明。
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 📦 **正式发布 [MemHub v1.0.5](https://github.com/Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory/releases/tag/v1.0.5)**：支持中文、英文和西班牙语界面，可通过一次性配对码连接更多自定义 Harness，并优化了记忆浏览、搜索、启动和异常恢复；底层使用 **`hy-memory==2.0.8`**。详见发布说明。
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 📦 **正式发布 [MemHub v1.0.4](https://github.com/Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory/releases/tag/v1.0.4)** 与 **[memhub-cli 1.0.5](https://www.npmjs.com/package/memhub-cli/v/1.0.5)**，提供已签名的 macOS 桌面应用及经过验证的 macOS/Linux Runtime！
 * *<mark>[new]</mark>* 🔥🔥🔥 **[2026-10]**: 🚀 **正式发布** **Hy Memory 2.0 (`hy-memory==2.0.4`)**（已上线 [PyPI](https://pypi.org/project/hy-memory/2.0.4/)），并开源 **Hy-Memory** monorepo 与 **[MemHub](memhub/README.md)**！

memhub/README.md

@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ If you run into a problem, please open an Issue with the version, platform,repro
 
 ## 发行与平台合同
 
-源码当前固定使用公开 PyPI 正式版 `hy-memory==2.0.10`。MemHub 源码版本为 `1.0.5`
-（build 36），GitHub 仓库为
+源码当前固定使用公开 PyPI 正式版 `hy-memory==2.0.11`。MemHub 源码版本为 `1.0.6`
+（build 37），GitHub 仓库为
 [`Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory`](https://github.com/Tencent-Hunyuan/Hy-Memory)，npm 包名为
 `memhub-cli`。当前代码架构见
 [`docs/ARCHITECTURE.md`](docs/ARCHITECTURE.md)。
 
-`v1.0.5` 的发行目标是 Linux x64/arm64 Runtime 与 macOS arm64 App 和 Runtime。
+`v1.0.6` 的发行目标是 Linux x64/arm64 Runtime 与 macOS arm64 App 和 Runtime。
 Linux 制品由 GitHub Actions 在原生架构 runner 上构建并完成生命周期验收；macOS
 制品由发行流水线完成 Developer ID 签名、公证和验收后手动上传。Windows 不支持。
 只有同时出现在 GitHub Release 与 `release-manifest.json` 中、且通过公开校验的制品才属于
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ MemHub 的 SQLite 数据默认位于 `~/.one-memory`，不在 npm 包或 Runtime
 
 ## Hy Memory
 
-SDK 依赖固定为公开 PyPI 正式版 `hy-memory==2.0.10`。SDK 配置、权限边界及 search
+SDK 依赖固定为公开 PyPI 正式版 `hy-memory==2.0.11`。SDK 配置、权限边界及 search
 返回格式见 [`MEMORY.md`](MEMORY.md)。HY search 返回的 `content` 已包含 SDK 统一生成的
 逻辑时间和演化上下文；调用方不应再次转换时间戳或重复拼接 `When`。
 

memhub/SBOM.spdx.json

@@ -2352,7 +2352,7 @@
     {
       "SPDXID": "SPDXRef-Package-hy-memory",
       "name": "hy-memory",
-      "versionInfo": "2.0.10",
+      "versionInfo": "2.0.11",
       "downloadLocation": "NOASSERTION",
       "filesAnalyzed": false,
       "licenseConcluded": "Apache-2.0",

memhub/THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Per-package license texts are not reproduced here yet; the license
 column is filled in as part of release review, and the SBOM records
 `NOASSERTION` until then rather than guessing.
 
-## hy-memory 2.0.10
+## hy-memory 2.0.11
 
 License: Apache-2.0
 

memhub/apps/cli/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@one-memory/cli",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "description": "MemHub bootstrap CLI for installing and managing the local-first shared memory runtime",
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "repository": {

memhub/apps/cli/src/cli.ts

@@ -203,6 +203,13 @@ import {
   renderFeaturesText,
   runFeaturesCommand,
 } from "./memory-features-flow.js";
+import {
+  type LanguageDocument,
+  languageExitCode,
+  parseLanguageCommand,
+  renderLanguageText,
+  runLanguageCommand,
+} from "./memory-language-flow.js";
 import {
   type EvolveDocument,
   evolveExitCode,
@@ -2379,6 +2386,40 @@ async function runCommand(
     );
     return featuresExitCode(document);
   }
+  if (
+    named === "settings" &&
+    arguments_.slice(1).find((value) => value !== "--json") === "language"
+  ) {
+    const parsed = parseLanguageCommand(
+      arguments_
+        .slice(1)
+        .filter((value, index, all) => index !== all.indexOf("language")),
+    );
+    if (!parsed) return usage();
+    const connected = await connectRuntime(environment);
+    if (!connected.ok) {
+      const document: LanguageDocument = {
+        schema_version: 1,
+        product: PRODUCT,
+        command: "settings language",
+        state: "unavailable",
+        code: connected.code,
+      };
+      emit(
+        asJson ? `${JSON.stringify(document)}\n` : renderLanguageText(document),
+      );
+      return connected.exitCode;
+    }
+    const document = await runLanguageCommand(
+      parsed,
+      connected.reader,
+      connected.operations,
+    );
+    emit(
+      asJson ? `${JSON.stringify(document)}\n` : renderLanguageText(document),
+    );
+    return languageExitCode(document);
+  }
   if (named === "settings") {
     const parsed = parseSettingsCommand(arguments_.slice(1));
     if (!parsed) return usage();

memhub/apps/cli/src/command-catalog.ts

@@ -461,12 +461,13 @@ export const COMMANDS: readonly CommandDescriptor[] = [
   {
     name: "settings",
     summary:
-      "查看或切换记忆模式（lite / pro / ultra）。lite 不调用模型，只在原始对话里检索；pro 由模型提取记忆（System 1）；ultra 在 pro 之上每晚自动进化（System 2，使用知识图谱）。任何模式都保留全部原始对话。切换不迁移数据：已处理的不会重做，排队中的和新的按新模式处理；需 --yes，不加时只显示计划。环境变量 ONE_MEMORY_GRAPH_STORE 会强制 ultra。settings features 查看或开关 SDK 的可选检索与提取功能（全局设置，默认全部保持 SDK 默认值）：graph_rerank 图谱重排（仅 ultra）、same_series_timeline 同系列时间线（需 graph_rerank）、episode_recall 片段召回（pro / ultra，需先开 session_episodes 写入片段）、session_episodes 片段写入、episode_summary 片段摘要（每个片段一次模型调用）、intention 意图提取（默认开）、few_shot 提取示例；set 需 --yes，不加时只显示计划；reset 恢复默认值。",
+      "查看或切换记忆模式（lite / pro / ultra）。lite 不调用模型，只在原始对话里检索；pro 由模型提取记忆（System 1）；ultra 在 pro 之上每晚自动进化（System 2，使用知识图谱）。任何模式都保留全部原始对话。切换不迁移数据：已处理的不会重做，排队中的和新的按新模式处理；需 --yes，不加时只显示计划。环境变量 ONE_MEMORY_GRAPH_STORE 会强制 ultra。settings features 查看或开关 SDK 的可选检索与提取功能（全局设置，默认全部保持 SDK 默认值）：graph_rerank 图谱重排（仅 ultra）、same_series_timeline 同系列时间线（需 graph_rerank）、episode_recall 片段召回（pro / ultra，需先开 session_episodes 写入片段）、session_episodes 片段写入、episode_summary 片段摘要（每个片段一次模型调用）、intention 意图提取（默认开）、few_shot 提取示例；set 需 --yes，不加时只显示计划；reset 恢复默认值。settings language 查看或设置界面语言（App 切换语言时会自动设置）：简体中文（zh-Hans）和 system 不指定 SDK 语言，SDK 照旧自动识别中文或英文；其余语言（en、zh-Hant、ja、es、de、pt、fr、ko、ru、id）会让提取等 SDK 提示使用该语言，立即生效。",
     usage:
       "memhub settings mode [lite|pro|ultra] [--yes] [--json]\n" +
       "            memhub settings features [--json]\n" +
       "            memhub settings features set <name>=<true|false> [...] [--yes] [--json]\n" +
-      "            memhub settings features reset [<name> ...] [--json]",
+      "            memhub settings features reset [<name> ...] [--json]\n" +
+      "            memhub settings language [<code>|system] [--json]",
     options: [
       {
         flag: "mode [lite|pro|ultra]",
@@ -481,6 +482,11 @@ export const COMMANDS: readonly CommandDescriptor[] = [
         flag: "features reset [<name> ...]",
         summary: "把指定功能（不写则全部）恢复为 SDK 默认值。",
       },
+      {
+        flag: "language [<code>|system]",
+        summary:
+          "不带参数显示界面语言和 SDK 提示语言；带语言代码（en、zh-Hans、zh-Hant、ja、es、de、pt、fr、ko、ru、id）或 system 时设置。",
+      },
       CONFIRM_OPTION,
       JSON_OPTION,
     ],

memhub/apps/cli/src/core-client.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ const READ_ONLY_PATHS = [
   "/api/v2/user-profile/versions",
   "/api/v1/settings/memory-mode",
   "/api/v1/settings/memory-features",
+  "/api/v1/settings/ui-language",
   "/api/v2/evolve",
 ] as const;
 /** One evolve run's receipt (`memhub evolve --wait`). */

memhub/apps/cli/src/core-operations.ts

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ const EVOLVE_PATH = "/api/v2/evolve";
 const MEMORY_MODE_PATH = "/api/v1/settings/memory-mode";
 /** `memhub settings features set|reset` sets the SDK features. */
 const MEMORY_FEATURES_PATH = "/api/v1/settings/memory-features";
+/** `memhub settings language <code>` sets the display language Core uses. */
+const UI_LANGUAGE_PATH = "/api/v1/settings/ui-language";
 const ONBOARDING_COMPLETE_PATH = "/api/v1/onboarding/complete";
 const EMBEDDING_SWITCH_PATHS = [
   "/api/v1/embedding-switches",
@@ -165,6 +167,7 @@ export function createCoreOperations(attachment: {
       if (
         path !== MEMORY_MODE_PATH &&
         path !== MEMORY_FEATURES_PATH &&
+        path !== UI_LANGUAGE_PATH &&
         (!SDK_MEMORY_PATH.test(path) || path.includes("?"))
       ) {
         throw new Error("core_operation_path_not_allowed");

memhub/apps/cli/src/memory-language-cli.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import { run } from "./cli.js";
+import { parseLanguageCommand } from "./memory-language-flow.js";
+import { composeStatusReport, renderStatusText } from "./status-report.js";
+
+const transport = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  get: vi.fn(),
+  post: vi.fn(),
+  put: vi.fn(),
+  patch: vi.fn(),
+  delete: vi.fn(),
+}));
+vi.mock("axios", () => ({
+  default: {
+    create: vi.fn(() => transport),
+    get: vi.fn(),
+    post: vi.fn(),
+    isAxiosError: () => false,
+  },
+}));
+
+const runtime = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  inspectRuntimeStatus: vi.fn(),
+  discoverRuntimeAttachment: vi.fn(),
+}));
+vi.mock("@one-memory/runtime-control", async (importOriginal) => ({
+  ...(await importOriginal<typeof import("@one-memory/runtime-control")>()),
+  ...runtime,
+}));
+
+function languageState(uiLanguage: string | null, extra = {}) {
+  const sdk = uiLanguage === null ? "auto" : uiLanguage;
+  return {
+    ui_language: uiLanguage,
+    sdk_language: sdk,
+    languages: [
+      "en",
+      "zh-Hans",
+      "zh-Hant",
+      "ja",
+      "es",
+      "de",
+      "pt",
+      "fr",
+      "ko",
+      "ru",
+      "id",
+    ],
+    ...extra,
+  };
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks();
+  for (const method of Object.values(transport)) method.mockReset();
+  runtime.inspectRuntimeStatus.mockResolvedValue({
+    state: "running",
+    code: "runtime_verified",
+    instanceId: "instance-1",
+    host: "127.0.0.1",
+    port: 8765,
+    version: "1.2.3",
+  });
+  runtime.discoverRuntimeAttachment.mockResolvedValue({
+    instanceId: "instance-1",
+    apiToken: "synthetic-runtime-token",
+    host: "127.0.0.1",
+    port: 8765,
+    servicePid: 4242,
+    health: {
+      status: "ok",
+      service: "one-memory-core",
+      version: "1.2.3",
+      instance_id: "instance-1",
+    },
+  });
+  transport.get.mockImplementation(async (url: string) =>
+    url === "/api/v1/settings/ui-language"
+      ? { status: 200, data: languageState(null) }
+      : { status: 404, data: {} },
+  );
+});
+
+describe("memhub settings language", () => {
+  it("shows the display language and the SDK prompt language", async () => {
+    const result = await capturedRun(["settings", "language", "--json"]);
+    expect(result.code).toBe(0);
+    const json = JSON.parse(result.stdout);
+    expect(json).toMatchObject({
+      command: "settings language",
+      state: "ok",
+      language: { ui_language: null, sdk_language: "auto" },
+    });
+    expect(transport.put).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    const text = (await capturedRun(["settings", "language"])).stdout;
+    expect(text).toContain("界面语言：未设置（SDK 自动识别）");
+    expect(text).toContain("SDK 提示语言：auto");
+  });
+
+  it("sets a language at once and reports the SDK language", async () => {
+    transport.put.mockResolvedValue({
+      status: 200,
+      data: languageState("ja", { rebuilt: true }),
+    });
+    const result = await capturedRun(["settings", "language", "ja", "--json"]);
+    expect(result.code).toBe(0);
+    expect(transport.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      "/api/v1/settings/ui-language",
+      { ui_language: "ja" },
+      undefined,
+    );
+    expect(JSON.parse(result.stdout)).toMatchObject({
+      state: "committed",
+      rebuilt: true,
+      language: { ui_language: "ja", sdk_language: "ja" },
+    });
+    const text = (await capturedRun(["settings", "language", "ja"])).stdout;
+    expect(text).toContain("界面语言：ja（日本語）");
+  });
+
+  it("sends null for system and maps the legacy zh-CN code", async () => {
+    transport.put.mockResolvedValue({
+      status: 200,
+      data: languageState("zh-Hans", { rebuilt: false }),
+    });
+    await capturedRun(["settings", "language", "zh-CN"]);
+    expect(transport.put).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(
+      "/api/v1/settings/ui-language",
+      { ui_language: "zh-Hans" },
+      undefined,
+    );
+    transport.get.mockResolvedValue({
+      status: 200,
+      data: languageState("en"),
+    });
+    transport.put.mockResolvedValue({
+      status: 200,
+      data: languageState(null, { rebuilt: true }),
+    });
+    await capturedRun(["settings", "language", "system"]);
+    expect(transport.put).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(
+      "/api/v1/settings/ui-language",
+      { ui_language: null },
+      undefined,
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("does not write a language Core already has", async () => {
+    const result = await capturedRun(["settings", "language", "system"]);
+    expect(result.code).toBe(0);
+    expect(
+      JSON.parse(
+        (await capturedRun(["settings", "language", "system", "--json"]))
+          .stdout,
+      ).state,
+    ).toBe("unchanged");
+    expect(transport.put).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("refuses unknown codes before the Runtime", async () => {
+    for (const bad of [
+      ["settings", "language", "it"],
+      ["settings", "language", "EN"],
+      ["settings", "language", "ja", "ko"],
+    ]) {
+      expect((await capturedRun(bad)).code, bad.join(" ")).toBe(2);
+    }
+    expect(transport.put).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("parses the forms the help shows", () => {
+    expect(parseLanguageCommand([])).toEqual({ kind: "show" });
+    expect(parseLanguageCommand(["system"])).toEqual({
+      kind: "set",
+      language: null,
+    });
+    expect(parseLanguageCommand(["zh-Hant", "--json"])).toEqual({
+      kind: "set",
+      language: "zh-Hant",
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+describe("status language", () => {
+  it.each([
+    [null, "auto", "跟随系统", "auto（自动识别中/英）"],
+    ["ja", "ja", "ja", "SDK 提示语言 ja"],
+  ])(
+    "shows the UI language %s and the SDK language %s",
+    async (uiLanguage, sdkLanguage, uiText, sdkText) => {
+      const processing = {
+        pending: 0,
+        completed: 0,
+        failed: 0,
+        blocked_stages: [],
+        pipeline: {
+          mode: "pro",
+          configured_mode: "pro",
+          forced_by_env: false,
+          last_evolve_at: null,
+          graph_build: { state: "idle", users: {} },
+          evolve: { mode: "pro", schedule: null, running: [], users: {} },
+          features: {},
+          ui_language: uiLanguage,
+          sdk_language: sdkLanguage,
+        },
+      };
+      const report = await composeStatusReport({
+        dataDir: "/tmp/isolated",
+        runtime: { state: "running", code: "ok", host: "127.0.0.1", port: 1 },
+        background: null,
+        reader: (async (path: string) =>
+          path === "/api/v1/memory-processing"
+            ? { state: "ok", data: processing }
+            : { state: "unavailable", code: "x" }) as never,
+      });
+      expect(report.pipeline?.ui_language).toBe(uiLanguage);
+      expect(report.pipeline?.sdk_language).toBe(sdkLanguage);
+      const text = renderStatusText(report, "MemHub");
+      expect(text).toContain(uiText);
+      expect(text).toContain(sdkText);
+    },
+  );
+
+  it("reads an older Runtime without the setting as auto", async () => {
+    const report = await composeStatusReport({
+      dataDir: "/tmp/isolated",
+      runtime: { state: "running", code: "ok", host: "127.0.0.1", port: 1 },
+      background: null,
+      reader: (async () => ({
+        state: "ok",
+        data: {
+          pipeline: {
+            mode: "pro",
+            configured_mode: "pro",
+            evolve: {},
+            graph_build: {},
+          },
+        },
+      })) as never,
+    });
+    expect(report.pipeline?.sdk_language).toBe("auto");
+    expect(report.pipeline?.ui_language).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+async function capturedRun(arguments_: string[]) {
+  let stdout = "";
+  let stderr = "";
+  const stdoutSpy = vi
+    .spyOn(process.stdout, "write")
+    .mockImplementation((chunk) => {
+      stdout += String(chunk);
+      return true;
+    });
+  const stderrSpy = vi
+    .spyOn(process.stderr, "write")
+    .mockImplementation((chunk) => {
+      stderr += String(chunk);
+      return true;
+    });
+  try {
+    return {
+      code: await run(arguments_, { ONE_MEMORY_DATA_DIR: "/synthetic/data" }),
+      stdout,
+      stderr,
+    };
+  } finally {
+    stdoutSpy.mockRestore();
+    stderrSpy.mockRestore();
+  }
+}

memhub/apps/cli/src/memory-language-flow.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/**
+ * `memhub settings language [<code>|system]`.
+ *
+ * The display language the App reports to the Runtime (`ui_language`), and
+ * the SDK prompt language it implies. Every code, zh-Hans and en included,
+ * makes extraction and the other SDK prompts use that language; "system"
+ * (no language set) passes none, so the SDK keeps detecting Chinese or
+ * English as before. The App sends the language it shows, so it is only
+ * unset on an install without the App. A change applies at once: a write in flight
+ * finishes in the old language, the next ones use the new one. The App sends
+ * its own choice again whenever it changes there.
+ */
+
+import type { CoreReader } from "./core-client.js";
+import type { CorePutOperations } from "./core-operations.js";
+import { PRODUCT } from "./version.js";
+
+export const UI_LANGUAGES = [
+  "en",
+  "zh-Hans",
+  "zh-Hant",
+  "ja",
+  "es",
+  "de",
+  "pt",
+  "fr",
+  "ko",
+  "ru",
+  "id",
+] as const;
+export type UiLanguage = (typeof UI_LANGUAGES)[number];
+
+/** Codes earlier builds used, and the code each one is now. */
+const LEGACY: Record<string, UiLanguage> = { "zh-CN": "zh-Hans" };
+
+const NAMES: Record<UiLanguage, string> = {
+  en: "English",
+  "zh-Hans": "简体中文",
+  "zh-Hant": "繁體中文",
+  ja: "日本語",
+  es: "Español",
+  de: "Deutsch",
+  pt: "Português",
+  fr: "Français",
+  ko: "한국어",
+  ru: "Русский",
+  id: "Bahasa Indonesia",
+};
+
+export type LanguageCommand =
+  | { kind: "show" }
+  | { kind: "set"; language: UiLanguage | null };
+
+function isUiLanguage(value: string): value is UiLanguage {
+  return (UI_LANGUAGES as readonly string[]).includes(value);
+}
+
+/** Arguments after `settings language`; null = usage. */
+export function parseLanguageCommand(
+  values: readonly string[],
+): LanguageCommand | null {
+  const rest = values.filter((value) => value !== "--json");
+  if (rest.length === 0) return { kind: "show" };
+  if (rest.length !== 1) return null;
+  const raw = rest[0] ?? "";
+  const value: string = Object.hasOwn(LEGACY, raw) ? LEGACY[raw] : raw;
+  if (value === "system") return { kind: "set", language: null };
+  return isUiLanguage(value) ? { kind: "set", language: value } : null;
+}
+
+export interface LanguageState {
+  ui_language: UiLanguage | null;
+  sdk_language: string;
+  rebuilt?: boolean;
+}
+
+function languageState(value: unknown): LanguageState | null {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") return null;
+  const item = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+  if (
+    !(item.ui_language === null || isUiLanguage(String(item.ui_language))) ||
+    typeof item.sdk_language !== "string"
+  ) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return {
+    ui_language: item.ui_language as UiLanguage | null,
+    sdk_language: item.sdk_language,
+    ...(typeof item.rebuilt === "boolean" ? { rebuilt: item.rebuilt } : {}),
+  };
+}
+
+export type LanguageDocument = {
+  schema_version: 1;
+  product: string;
+  command: "settings language";
+} & (
+  | { state: "ok" | "unchanged"; language: LanguageState }
+  | { state: "committed"; language: LanguageState; rebuilt: boolean }
+  | { state: "rejected" | "unknown" | "unavailable"; code: string }
+);
+
+const BASE = {
+  schema_version: 1 as const,
+  product: PRODUCT,
+  command: "settings language" as const,
+};
+
+const PATH = "/api/v1/settings/ui-language";
+
+export async function runLanguageCommand(
+  command: LanguageCommand,
+  reader: CoreReader,
+  operations: CorePutOperations,
+): Promise<LanguageDocument> {
+  const read = await reader<unknown>(PATH);
+  if (read.state !== "ok") {
+    return { ...BASE, state: "unavailable", code: read.code };
+  }
+  const current = languageState(read.data);
+  if (current === null) {
+    return { ...BASE, state: "unavailable", code: "response_invalid" };
+  }
+  if (command.kind === "show") {
+    return { ...BASE, state: "ok", language: current };
+  }
+  if (current.ui_language === command.language) {
+    return { ...BASE, state: "unchanged", language: current };
+  }
+  const result = await operations.put<unknown>(PATH, {
+    ui_language: command.language,
+  });
+  if (result.state !== "committed") {
+    return { ...BASE, state: result.state, code: result.code };
+  }
+  const changed = languageState(result.data);
+  if (changed === null) {
+    return { ...BASE, state: "unknown", code: "response_invalid" };
+  }
+  return {
+    ...BASE,
+    state: "committed",
+    language: changed,
+    rebuilt: changed.rebuilt === true,
+  };
+}
+
+export function languageExitCode(document: LanguageDocument): number {
+  return ["ok", "unchanged", "committed"].includes(document.state) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+function sdkText(sdkLanguage: string): string {
+  return sdkLanguage === "auto"
+    ? "auto（SDK 自动识别中文或英文）"
+    : `${sdkLanguage}（提取等 SDK 提示使用该语言）`;
+}
+
+export function renderLanguageText(document: LanguageDocument): string {
+  if ("code" in document) {
+    return `界面语言未能${document.state === "unavailable" ? "读取" : "修改"}：${document.code}\n`;
+  }
+  const state = document.language;
+  const lines = [
+    `界面语言：${
+      state.ui_language === null
+        ? "未设置（SDK 自动识别）"
+        : `${state.ui_language}（${NAMES[state.ui_language]}）`
+    }`,
+    `SDK 提示语言：${sdkText(state.sdk_language)}`,
+  ];
+  if (document.state === "ok") {
+    lines.push(
+      `可选：${UI_LANGUAGES.join("、")}、system。任一语言（包括 zh-Hans、en）都会让 SDK 使用该语言；system 不指定语言，SDK 自动识别中文或英文。`,
+    );
+  }
+  if (document.state === "unchanged") lines.push("没有需要改动的设置。");
+  if (document.state === "committed") {
+    lines.push(
+      document.rebuilt
+        ? "已更新。正在进行的写入按原语言完成，之后的写入和检索使用新语言。"
+        : "已保存，SDK 提示语言没有变化。",
+    );
+  }
+  return `${lines.join("\n")}\n`;
+}

memhub/apps/cli/src/memory-mode-cli.test.ts

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ describe("memhub settings mode", () => {
       ["settings", "mode", "max"],
       ["settings", "mode", "--yes"],
       ["settings", "mode", "lite", "pro"],
-      ["settings", "language", "en"],
+      ["settings", "theme", "dark"],
     ]) {
       expect((await capturedRun(bad)).code, bad.join(" ")).toBe(2);
     }

memhub/apps/cli/src/status-report.ts

@@ -86,6 +86,10 @@ export interface PipelineSummary {
   graph_build: string | null;
   /** SDK features (`memory_features`) whose value differs from the default. */
   features: Record<string, boolean>;
+  /** The App's display language; null = never chosen or "follow the system". */
+  ui_language: string | null;
+  /** The SDK prompt language: `auto` (zh/en detection) or the code passed. */
+  sdk_language: string;
 }
 
 const MODES = new Set(["lite", "pro", "ultra"]);
@@ -158,6 +162,10 @@ export function describePipeline(value: unknown): PipelineSummary | null {
     evolve_users: users,
     graph_build: typeof graph.state === "string" ? graph.state : null,
     features,
+    ui_language: typeof item.ui_language === "string" ? item.ui_language : null,
+    // An older Runtime has no setting: it always left the SDK on auto.
+    sdk_language:
+      typeof item.sdk_language === "string" ? item.sdk_language : "auto",
   };
 }
 
@@ -353,6 +361,13 @@ export function pipelineLine(pipeline: PipelineSummary): string {
         .join("、")}`,
     );
   }
+  parts.push(
+    `；界面语言 ${pipeline.ui_language ?? "跟随系统"}，SDK 提示语言 ${
+      pipeline.sdk_language === "auto"
+        ? "auto（自动识别中/英）"
+        : pipeline.sdk_language
+    }`,
+  );
   return parts.join("");
 }
 

memhub/apps/core/pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "uv_build"
 
 [project]
 name = "one-memory"
-version = "1.0.5"
+version = "1.0.6"
 description = "MemHub local-first memory core"
 readme = "README.md"
 requires-python = ">=3.12"
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ dependencies = [
     "fastapi>=0.141.1",
     "filelock>=3.32.4",
     # Public SDK version validated against MemHub's permission and recall contracts.
-    "hy-memory==2.0.10",
+    "hy-memory==2.0.11",
     # chromadb arrives through the HY SDK; locked here so an unrelated upgrade
     # cannot move the SDK's store. Built-in embedding consumes numpy directly.
     "chromadb==1.5.9",

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/api.py

@@ -300,6 +300,12 @@ from one_memory.source_read_access import SourceReadAccess
 from one_memory.source_totals import SourceTotals
 from one_memory.strict_query import forbid_unknown_query_params
 from one_memory.target_schema import bootstrap_fresh_management_schema
+from one_memory.ui_language import (
+    SDK_LANGUAGE_AUTO,
+    UI_LANGUAGES,
+    UiLanguage,
+    sdk_language,
+)
 from one_memory.user_scope import (
     DEFAULT_USER_ID,
     MULTI_USER_SOURCES,
@@ -759,6 +765,38 @@ class PipelineStatus(BaseModel):
     #: The SDK features (`memory_features`) whose value differs from the SDK
     #: default; empty while every feature is at its default.
     features: dict[MemoryFeatureName, bool] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    #: The display language the App last reported (`ui_language`); null =
+    #: none set (the App sends the language it shows, even following the system).
+    ui_language: UiLanguage | None = None
+    #: The SDK prompt language: `auto` (the SDK detects zh/en) or a code.
+    sdk_language: str = SDK_LANGUAGE_AUTO
+
+
+class UiLanguageState(BaseModel):
+    """`GET /api/v1/settings/ui-language`."""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
+
+    #: What the App reported; null = none set (CLI/API-only, or `system`).
+    ui_language: UiLanguage | None
+    #: What SDK clients are built with: `auto` (no language set: the SDK
+    #: detects zh/en, as before) or the code passed as `MemoryConfig.language`.
+    sdk_language: str
+    languages: tuple[UiLanguage, ...] = UI_LANGUAGES
+
+
+class UiLanguageUpdate(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
+
+    #: A supported code, or null for "follow the system" (SDK auto-detect).
+    ui_language: UiLanguage | None
+
+
+class UiLanguageChange(UiLanguageState):
+    """`PUT /api/v1/settings/ui-language`."""
+
+    #: Whether the SDK language changed, so the SDK clients were rebuilt.
+    rebuilt: bool
 
 
 class MemoryFeatureState(BaseModel):
@@ -1303,6 +1341,7 @@ def create_app(
                 memory_features=lambda: _memory_features(app),
                 spaces=app.state.embedding_spaces,
                 writes_open=lambda: _embedding_writes_open(app),
+                sdk_language=lambda: _sdk_language(app),
             )
             app.state.sdk_memory_runtime = SdkMemoryRuntime(
                 coordinator=app.state.sdk_write_coordinator,
@@ -4560,6 +4599,53 @@ def create_app(
             changed=changed,
         )
 
+    @app.get(
+        "/api/v1/settings/ui-language",
+        response_model=UiLanguageState,
+        dependencies=strict,
+    )
+    def get_ui_language() -> UiLanguageState:
+        """The App's display language and the SDK prompt language it implies."""
+        return _ui_language_state(app)
+
+    @app.put(
+        "/api/v1/settings/ui-language",
+        response_model=UiLanguageChange,
+        dependencies=strict,
+    )
+    async def put_ui_language(request: UiLanguageUpdate) -> UiLanguageChange:
+        """Record the App's display language; one global setting, not per user.
+
+        Every code (zh-Hans and en included) is passed as
+        `MemoryConfig.language`; only null passes no language, so the SDK
+        keeps detecting zh/en as before. A change of that SDK language rebuilds the
+        SDK clients like a feature change: a write in flight finishes in the
+        old language. Nothing stored is migrated and no collection is renamed.
+        """
+        store = _config_store(app)
+        async with app.state.memory_mode_lock:
+            previous = _sdk_language(app)
+            if store.ui_language() != request.ui_language:
+                await asyncio.to_thread(store.set_ui_language, request.ui_language)
+            current = _sdk_language(app)
+            rebuilt = current != previous
+            if rebuilt:
+                coordinator = getattr(app.state, "sdk_write_coordinator", None)
+                if coordinator is not None:
+                    await coordinator.retire_stale_handles()
+                # Reads rebuild on their next request (`ActiveProfileReadHandle`).
+                diagnostic_event(
+                    level="info",
+                    component="memory.language",
+                    event="sdk_language.changed",
+                    outcome="succeeded",
+                    details={
+                        "sdk_language": current or SDK_LANGUAGE_AUTO,
+                        "previous": previous or SDK_LANGUAGE_AUTO,
+                    },
+                )
+        return UiLanguageChange(**_ui_language_state(app).model_dump(), rebuilt=rebuilt)
+
     @app.get(
         "/api/v1/settings/evolve-schedule",
         response_model=EvolveSchedule,
@@ -5922,6 +6008,7 @@ def _sdk_client_handle(app: FastAPI) -> SdkClientHandle:
             memory_mode=lambda: _memory_mode(app),
             features=lambda: _memory_features(app),
             spaces=getattr(app.state, "embedding_spaces", None),
+            language=lambda: _sdk_language(app),
         )
         app.state.sdk_client_handle = handle
     return handle
@@ -5964,6 +6051,20 @@ def _memory_features(app: FastAPI) -> FeatureOverrides:
     return store.memory_features().overrides() if store is not None else ()
 
 
+def _sdk_language(app: FastAPI) -> str | None:
+    """The SDK prompt language every client is built with; None = auto-detect."""
+    store = getattr(app.state, "config_store", None)
+    return sdk_language(store.ui_language()) if store is not None else None
+
+
+def _ui_language_state(app: FastAPI) -> UiLanguageState:
+    store = getattr(app.state, "config_store", None)
+    return UiLanguageState(
+        ui_language=store.ui_language() if store is not None else None,
+        sdk_language=_sdk_language(app) or SDK_LANGUAGE_AUTO,
+    )
+
+
 def _memory_features_state(
     app: FastAPI, defaults: dict[str, bool] | None = None
 ) -> MemoryFeaturesState:
@@ -6019,6 +6120,7 @@ def _pipeline_status(app: FastAPI) -> PipelineStatus | None:
             dict[MemoryFeatureName, bool],
             non_default_features(_memory_features(app), sdk_feature_defaults()),
         ),
+        **_ui_language_state(app).model_dump(exclude={"languages"}),
     )
 
 

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/hy_runtime_config.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Literal, cast
 
 HY_MEMORY_DISTRIBUTION = "hy-memory"
-HY_MEMORY_VERSION = "2.0.10"
+HY_MEMORY_VERSION = "2.0.11"
 HY_MEMORY_NAMESPACE = "governed-v2"
 DiagnosticLogLevel = Literal["error", "warning", "info", "debug"]
 

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/hy_sdk_migration.py

@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ def _ensure_coding_schema(path: Path) -> None:
         CodingMemoryStore,
     )
 
-    # Relies on the pinned SDK's internals (hy-memory==2.0.10 is pinned exactly).
+    # Relies on the pinned SDK's internals (hy-memory==2.0.11 is pinned exactly).
     store = CodingMemoryStore.__new__(CodingMemoryStore)
     store._db_path = str(path)
     store._conn = None

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/hy_sdk_runtime.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from collections.abc import Callable, Coroutine, Iterable, Iterator, Mapping
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, ClassVar, Literal, cast
+from typing import Any, ClassVar, Literal, TypedDict, cast
 
 from hy_memory import (  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
     AmbiguousMemoryIdError as AmbiguousMemoryIdError,  # re-export for api.py
@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ class SdkClientHandle:
         space: EmbeddingSpace | None = None,
         mode: str | None = None,
         features: FeatureOverrides = (),
+        language: str | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self._profile = profile
         self._api_key = api_key
@@ -201,6 +202,8 @@ class SdkClientHandle:
         self.mode = mode or effective_memory_mode()
         #: The SDK features set on its config (`memory_features`), fixed likewise.
         self.features = features
+        #: The SDK prompt language (`ui_language`); None = SDK auto-detect.
+        self.language = language
         self._lease: ClientLease | None = None
         self._constructing: asyncio.Future[ClientLease] | None = None
         self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
@@ -232,6 +235,7 @@ class SdkClientHandle:
                         http_transport_factory=self._http_transport_factory,
                         mode=self.mode,
                         features=self.features,
+                        **language_kwargs(self.language),
                     )
                 )
                 self._constructing = constructing
@@ -347,6 +351,31 @@ def apply_sdk_features(
     return config
 
 
+class LanguageKwargs(TypedDict, total=False):
+    language: str
+
+
+def language_kwargs(language: str | None) -> LanguageKwargs:
+    """`language=` for a client constructor, only when there is one.
+
+    Without a language every call is the one it was before the setting
+    existed, so stand-ins written for that call keep working.
+    """
+    return {"language": language} if language is not None else {}
+
+
+def apply_sdk_language(config: MemoryConfig, language: str | None) -> MemoryConfig:
+    """Set the SDK prompt language (`MemoryConfig.language`), when there is one.
+
+    None (no language set) sets nothing: the SDK detects zh/en as it always
+    did. Every display language, zh-Hans included, is set explicitly. Like a feature, the language never touches `vector_store`, so
+    the collection identity never depends on it.
+    """
+    if language is not None:
+        config.language = language
+    return config
+
+
 def build_sdk_config(
     profile: ModelProfileSnapshot,
     space: EmbeddingSpace | None = None,
@@ -355,6 +384,7 @@ def build_sdk_config(
     api_key: str | None,
     data_dir: Path,
     features: Mapping[str, bool] | Iterable[tuple[str, bool]] = (),
+    language: str | None = None,
 ) -> MemoryConfig:
     """Map a model snapshot and its embedding space to an SDK configuration.
 
@@ -365,7 +395,8 @@ def build_sdk_config(
     the registry existed is used: offline tools on a home with no registry.
     `mode` never changes a name, and neither do `features`
     (`memory_features`), which are set on top; with none the config is
-    exactly what it was before the setting existed.
+    exactly what it was before the setting existed. So is `language`
+    (`apply_sdk_language`); None leaves the SDK's own zh/en detection.
     """
     if mode is not None and mode not in {"lite", "pro", "ultra"}:
         raise HySdkRuntimeError("hy_sdk_memory_mode_invalid")
@@ -453,7 +484,7 @@ def build_sdk_config(
             "coding": {"db_path": str(root / "coding.sqlite3")},
         }
     )
-    return apply_sdk_features(config, features)
+    return apply_sdk_language(apply_sdk_features(config, features), language)
 
 
 def _acquire_for_handle(
@@ -465,6 +496,7 @@ def _acquire_for_handle(
     http_transport_factory: Callable[[], Any] | None,
     mode: str | None,
     features: FeatureOverrides = (),
+    language: str | None = None,
 ) -> ClientLease:
     # `acquire_client` is looked up at call time, so a stand-in replaces every
     # construction. A handle without a space keeps the call it always made.
@@ -477,6 +509,7 @@ def _acquire_for_handle(
         mode=mode,
         features=features,
         **named,
+        **language_kwargs(language),
     )
 
 
@@ -489,6 +522,7 @@ def acquire_client(
     http_transport_factory: Callable[[], Any] | None = None,
     mode: str | None = None,
     features: FeatureOverrides = (),
+    language: str | None = None,
 ) -> ClientLease:
     """Construct a public SDK client and return its explicit runtime lease.
 
@@ -496,7 +530,8 @@ def acquire_client(
     pipeline mode (lite / pro / ultra) and never changes a name; None keeps
     the pre-setting default (ultra when `ONE_MEMORY_GRAPH_STORE` is set, else
     pro). `features` are the `memory_features` set on its config; none keeps
-    every SDK default. Waits while `hold_stores_offline` holds this home's stores.
+    every SDK default. `language` is the SDK prompt language; None
+    auto-detects. Waits while `hold_stores_offline` holds this home's stores.
     """
     key = data_dir.resolve()
     with _STORE_GATE:
@@ -513,6 +548,7 @@ def acquire_client(
             mode=mode or effective_memory_mode(),
             features=features,
             **named,
+            **language_kwargs(language),
         )
     finally:
         with _STORE_GATE:
@@ -568,6 +604,7 @@ def _acquire_client(
     http_transport_factory: Callable[[], Any] | None,
     mode: str = "pro",
     features: FeatureOverrides = (),
+    language: str | None = None,
 ) -> ClientLease:
     config = build_sdk_config(
         profile,
@@ -576,6 +613,7 @@ def _acquire_client(
         api_key=api_key,
         data_dir=data_dir,
         features=features,
+        language=language,
     )
     config.http_transport_factory = http_transport_factory
     mismatch = inspect_graph_width_mismatch(config)

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/memory_server/config_state.py

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, StrictBool, field_validator
 
 from one_memory.memory_features import MemoryFeatures
 from one_memory.memory_queue import ExtractionWindowPreset
+from one_memory.ui_language import UI_LANGUAGES, UiLanguage
 
 _SOURCE_ID = re.compile(r"^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,127}$")
 
@@ -73,6 +74,10 @@ class ConfigDocument(BaseModel):
     #: SDK retrieval and extraction features a person set; an unset one keeps
     #: the SDK default. See `one_memory.memory_features`.
     memory_features: MemoryFeatures = Field(default_factory=MemoryFeatures)
+    #: The display language the App shows (its choice, or the system language
+    #: it follows); None = none set. See `one_memory.ui_language` for what it
+    #: does to the SDK.
+    ui_language: UiLanguage | None = None
 
     @field_validator("sources")
     @classmethod
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ class ConfigFileError(RuntimeError):
     pass
 
 
-_WRITTEN_WHEN_SET = frozenset({"memory_mode", "evolve_schedule", "memory_features"})
+_WRITTEN_WHEN_SET = frozenset({"memory_mode", "evolve_schedule", "memory_features", "ui_language"})
 
 
 class ConfigStore:
@@ -183,6 +188,19 @@ class ConfigStore:
             self._document = updated
             return updated
 
+    def ui_language(self) -> UiLanguage | None:
+        with self._lock:
+            return self._document.ui_language
+
+    def set_ui_language(self, language: UiLanguage | None) -> ConfigDocument:
+        if language is not None and language not in UI_LANGUAGES:
+            raise ValueError("invalid_ui_language")
+        with self._lock:
+            updated = self._document.model_copy(update={"ui_language": language})
+            self._write(updated)
+            self._document = updated
+            return updated
+
     def migrate_extraction_window_preset(self, preset: ExtractionWindowPreset) -> ConfigDocument:
         """Adopt the legacy SQL value only when config.json has no value."""
         if not isinstance(preset, ExtractionWindowPreset):

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/sdk_read_handle.py

@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ task (one HTTP request, one retention pass).
 
 The memory mode (lite / pro / ultra) is fixed per SDK client, so a mode change
 rebuilds and retires the same way, and so do the SDK features
-(`memory_features`): handles are keyed by (space, profile, mode, features).
-Neither mode nor features names a collection; both are separate client
-parameters.
+(`memory_features`) and the SDK prompt language (`ui_language`): handles are
+keyed by (space, profile, mode, features, language). None of mode, features
+or language names a collection; each is a separate client parameter.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ from one_memory.hy_sdk_runtime import (
     SdkClientHandle,
     builtin_retrieval_snapshot,
     embedding_endpoint,
+    language_kwargs,
     retrieval_view,
 )
 from one_memory.hy_sdk_types import HySdkRuntimeError
@@ -50,8 +51,8 @@ from one_memory.model_profiles import ModelProfileSnapshot, ModelProfileStore, P
 from one_memory.secrets import SecretStore, SecretStoreUnavailableError
 
 _BUILTIN = (BUILTIN_RETRIEVAL_PROFILE_ID, 0)
-#: (space id, profile id, revision, memory mode, features)
-_HandleKey = tuple[str, str, int, str, FeatureOverrides]
+#: (space id, profile id, revision, memory mode, features, SDK language)
+_HandleKey = tuple[str, str, int, str, FeatureOverrides, str | None]
 
 
 class ActiveProfileReadHandle(SdkClientHandle):
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ class ActiveProfileReadHandle(SdkClientHandle):
         features: Callable[[], FeatureOverrides] = lambda: (),
         spaces: EmbeddingSpaceStore | None = None,
         health: EmbeddingHealth | None = None,
+        language: Callable[[], str | None] = lambda: None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(builtin_retrieval_snapshot(), api_key=None, data_dir=data_dir)
         self.profiles = profiles
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ class ActiveProfileReadHandle(SdkClientHandle):
         self.data_dir = data_dir
         self.memory_mode = memory_mode
         self.current_features = features
+        self.current_language = language
         #: None only for a profile store without a database (test doubles).
         self.spaces = spaces if spaces is not None else registry_for(profiles)
         self.health = health or EmbeddingHealth()
@@ -111,13 +114,22 @@ class ActiveProfileReadHandle(SdkClientHandle):
         """The handle of the live space, held for the asking task."""
         space, identity = await asyncio.to_thread(self._resolve)
         mode, features = self.memory_mode(), self.current_features()
-        key = (space.space_id if space is not None else "", *identity, mode, features)
+        language = self.current_language()
+        key = (
+            space.space_id if space is not None else "",
+            *identity,
+            mode,
+            features,
+            language,
+        )
         async with self._handle_lock:
             handle = self._handles.get(key)
             if handle is None:
                 # Only on a change of space or profile: resolving a key can
                 # reach the system keychain, so it is not done on every read.
-                handle = await asyncio.to_thread(self._build, space, identity, mode, features)
+                handle = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                    self._build, space, identity, mode, features, language
+                )
                 self._handles[key] = handle
             self._retired.update(value for name, value in self._handles.items() if name != key)
             self._handles = {key: handle}
@@ -204,10 +216,12 @@ class ActiveProfileReadHandle(SdkClientHandle):
         identity: tuple[str, int],
         mode: str,
         features: FeatureOverrides = (),
+        language: str | None = None,
     ) -> SdkClientHandle:
         # Without a registry (a profile store with no database) the handle
         # opens the space its profile names, exactly as before.
         named: dict[str, Any] = {"space": space} if space is not None else {}
+        named.update(language_kwargs(language))
         if identity == _BUILTIN:
             return SdkClientHandle(
                 builtin_retrieval_snapshot(),

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/sdk_write_processor.py

@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@ from one_memory.embedding_spaces import (
     registry_for,
 )
 from one_memory.hy_graph_admin import effective_memory_mode
-from one_memory.hy_sdk_runtime import SdkClientHandle, builtin_retrieval_snapshot
+from one_memory.hy_sdk_runtime import (
+    SdkClientHandle,
+    builtin_retrieval_snapshot,
+    language_kwargs,
+)
 from one_memory.imports.models import EvidenceContentKind, EvidenceOrigin, EvidenceRecord
 from one_memory.input_sanitization import sanitize_model_input
 from one_memory.memory_features import FeatureOverrides
@@ -153,10 +157,11 @@ class SdkWriteCoordinator:
     the SharedRuntime closed mid-`add`, the job failed with AttributeError
     after HY was invoked, and it was left `unknown`.
 
-    Handles are keyed by profile, memory mode and the SDK features
-    (`memory_features`), so a mode or feature change retires handles the same
-    way. In lite no generation model is needed: without an
-    active profile the built-in local embedder writes raw turns.
+    Handles are keyed by profile, memory mode, the SDK features
+    (`memory_features`) and the SDK language (`ui_language`), so a mode,
+    feature or language change retires handles the same way. In lite no
+    generation model is needed: without an active profile the built-in
+    local embedder writes raw turns.
 
     `exclusive_for_evolve(user_id)` keeps evolve and that user's writes
     apart: it waits for the user's write in flight, and while it runs that
@@ -182,6 +187,7 @@ class SdkWriteCoordinator:
         memory_features: Callable[[], FeatureOverrides] = lambda: (),
         spaces: EmbeddingSpaceStore | None = None,
         writes_open: Callable[[], bool] = lambda: True,
+        sdk_language: Callable[[], str | None] = lambda: None,
     ) -> None:
         self.profiles = profiles
         self.secrets = secrets
@@ -190,8 +196,12 @@ class SdkWriteCoordinator:
         self.sedimentation_enabled = sedimentation_enabled
         self.memory_mode = memory_mode
         self.memory_features = memory_features
-        #: Keyed by (profile id, revision, space id, memory mode, features).
-        self._handles: dict[tuple[str, int, str, str, FeatureOverrides], SdkClientHandle] = {}
+        self.sdk_language = sdk_language
+        #: Keyed by (profile id, revision, space id, memory mode, features,
+        #: SDK language).
+        self._handles: dict[
+            tuple[str, int, str, str, FeatureOverrides, str | None], SdkClientHandle
+        ] = {}
         #: Users evolve (or the graph backfill) is running for, the writes in
         #: flight per user, and one exclusive run per user at a time. Writes
         #: of one user still run side by side; only evolve waits for them.
@@ -244,13 +254,13 @@ class SdkWriteCoordinator:
                 self._writes_idle.notify_all()
 
     async def retire_stale_handles(self) -> None:
-        """After a mode or feature change: retire handles built otherwise.
+        """After a mode, feature or language change: retire handles built otherwise.
 
         The idle ones close now. A handle still writing is closed when its
         last use ends (#218), so a write that started in the old mode, or
         with the old features, finishes in it.
         """
-        build = (self.memory_mode(), self.memory_features())
+        build = (self.memory_mode(), self.memory_features(), self.sdk_language())
         async with self._lock:
             stale = {key: handle for key, handle in self._handles.items() if key[3:] != build}
             for key in stale:
@@ -332,10 +342,17 @@ class SdkWriteCoordinator:
         """Use the active profile's handle; retire the others, closing the unused."""
         mode = self.memory_mode()
         features = self.memory_features()
+        language = self.sdk_language()
         profile_identity, profile, secret, space = await asyncio.to_thread(
             self._read_active_credentials, mode
         )
-        key = (*profile_identity, space.space_id if space is not None else "", mode, features)
+        key = (
+            *profile_identity,
+            space.space_id if space is not None else "",
+            mode,
+            features,
+            language,
+        )
         async with self._lock:
             handle = self._handles.get(key)
             if handle is None:
@@ -347,6 +364,7 @@ class SdkWriteCoordinator:
                     mode=mode,
                     features=features,
                     space=space,
+                    **language_kwargs(language),
                 )
                 self._handles[key] = handle
             self._retired.update(value for name, value in self._handles.items() if name != key)

memhub/apps/core/src/one_memory/ui_language.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+"""The display language a person chose, and the SDK prompt language it implies.
+
+The App owns the choice (its language selector) and tells Core whenever it
+changes, so Core can build every SDK client with it. It is one global value in
+`config.json` (`ui_language`), beside `memory_mode` and `memory_features`;
+absent means no language was set (a CLI/API-only install, or
+`settings language system`). An App that follows the system sends the
+language it resolved and shows, not null.
+
+The owner's rule for the SDK:
+
+- Any supported code, zh-Hans and en included: pass it as
+  `MemoryConfig.language`, so extraction and the other prompts use that
+  language. Every display language is passed explicitly (#243).
+- No language at all (never set, as on a CLI/API-only install): pass no
+  language. The SDK keeps detecting Chinese or English from the text, exactly
+  as before this setting existed. The App does not leave it unset: it sends
+  the language it shows, including when it follows the system.
+
+The language never names a collection; a change rebuilds the SDK handles the
+way a mode or feature change does (#218 use count).
+
+No SDK import here: only `hy_sdk_runtime` and `hy_sdk_migration` import it.
+`config_state` imports this module, so it imports nothing from there.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Literal
+
+UiLanguage = Literal[
+    "en",
+    "zh-Hans",
+    "zh-Hant",
+    "ja",
+    "es",
+    "de",
+    "pt",
+    "fr",
+    "ko",
+    "ru",
+    "id",
+]
+UI_LANGUAGES: tuple[UiLanguage, ...] = (
+    "en",
+    "zh-Hans",
+    "zh-Hant",
+    "ja",
+    "es",
+    "de",
+    "pt",
+    "fr",
+    "ko",
+    "ru",
+    "id",
+)
+#: Codes earlier App builds stored, and the code each one is now.
+LEGACY_UI_LANGUAGES: dict[str, UiLanguage] = {"zh-CN": "zh-Hans"}
+#: What status shows when no language is passed to the SDK.
+SDK_LANGUAGE_AUTO = "auto"
+
+
+def normalize_ui_language(value: object) -> UiLanguage | None:
+    """A supported code (legacy ones mapped), or None for anything else."""
+    if not isinstance(value, str):
+        return None
+    value = LEGACY_UI_LANGUAGES.get(value, value)
+    return value if value in UI_LANGUAGES else None
+
+
+def sdk_language(ui_language: str | None) -> str | None:
+    """The `MemoryConfig.language` for a display language; None = SDK auto-detect.
+
+    Every supported code is passed as is; only an unset (or unknown) value
+    leaves the SDK to detect zh/en.
+    """
+    return normalize_ui_language(ui_language)

memhub/apps/core/tests/TEST_INDEX.md

@@ -304,6 +304,7 @@
 | `test_sync_facade.py` | `contract` | A2: the sync facade must keep the sync shape call sites already use. |
 | `test_tail_metadata_lane.py` | `contract` | Post-response metadata retries must be bounded and never block the route. |
 | `test_two_level_discovery.py` | `contract` | 3925a kernel item 1: two-level discovery. |
+| `test_ui_language.py` | `contract` | The App's display language, and the SDK prompt language it implies. |
 | `test_ui_session.py` | `contract` | 覆盖 exchange is single use and creates a session、expired exchange cannot create a session、exchange is bound to the core instance 等 5 个场景。 |
 | `test_ui_session_api.py` | `integration` | 覆盖 ui session exchange sets httponly strict cookie、ui session requires bearer for exchange、ui session reports missing web assets 场景。 |
 | `test_unanswered_turn.py` | `contract` | BUG-06: which conversations end on a question nobody answered. |
@@ -317,4 +318,4 @@
 | `test_workspace_recall.py` | `contract` | Workspace memories were unreachable from every host; these pin the way in. |
 | `test_write_queue_lease_renewal.py` | `contract` | Rule 8: a lease must outlive the work it covers, and be renewed while it runs. |
 
-共 312 个测试文件。
+共 313 个测试文件。

memhub/apps/core/tests/core_test_classification.py

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ from pathlib import Path
 import pytest
 
 PRIMARY_MARKERS = ("unit", "contract", "integration", "performance", "live")
-EXPECTED_TEST_FILE_COUNT = 312
-EXPECTED_TEST_FILES_SHA256 = "7d0dc6efd88d71d5275bea8016a0ff087ff7568abcb8fd01e5f82c77a08a484f"
+EXPECTED_TEST_FILE_COUNT = 313
+EXPECTED_TEST_FILES_SHA256 = "dcada5d5421767196a79e415dd47c2b6c6d67681972dbe81481b31867d318928"
 
 # Pure transformations, validation models, parity checks and state machines.
 # This list is intentionally small: uncertain files default to contract.

memhub/apps/core/tests/test_sdk_migration_bundle.py

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ def test_bundle_contains_management_sdk_config_and_verified_manifest(tmp_path):
     assert manifest["bundle_id"] == "migration-1"
     assert manifest["sdk_namespace"] == "governed-v2"
     assert manifest["runtime_build"] == "build-13"
-    assert manifest["snapshot_sdk_version"] == "2.0.10"
+    assert manifest["snapshot_sdk_version"] == "2.0.11"
     paths = {item["path"]: item for item in manifest["files"]}
     assert {
         "management/one-memory.sqlite3",

memhub/apps/core/tests/test_ui_language.py

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+"""The App's display language, and the SDK prompt language it implies.
+
+The owner's rule (#243): every display language, zh-Hans and en included, is
+passed as `MemoryConfig.language` (hy-memory 2.0.11); only an unset language
+passes none, so the SDK keeps detecting zh/en exactly as before. A change rebuilds the
+handles the way a mode or feature change does, and the language never touches
+the vector collection identity.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import dataclasses
+import json
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+import pytest
+from httpx import ASGITransport, AsyncClient
+from pydantic import SecretStr, ValidationError
+
+from one_memory import hy_sdk_runtime, sdk_read_handle, sdk_write_processor
+from one_memory.api import create_app
+from one_memory.config import Settings
+from one_memory.memory_server.config_state import ConfigDocument, ConfigStore
+from one_memory.secrets import InMemorySecretStore
+from one_memory.ui_language import UI_LANGUAGES, normalize_ui_language, sdk_language
+
+TOKEN = "ui-language-test"
+#: Every code is passed to the SDK, zh-Hans included.
+PASSED = ("en", "zh-Hans", "zh-Hant", "ja", "es", "de", "pt", "fr", "ko", "ru", "id")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _clean_sdk_env(monkeypatch):
+    """The SDK's own `MEMORY_LANGUAGE` feeds its default; tests start without it."""
+    monkeypatch.delenv("MEMORY_LANGUAGE", raising=False)
+
+
+def _config(tmp_path: Path, language: str | None):
+    return hy_sdk_runtime.build_sdk_config(
+        hy_sdk_runtime.builtin_retrieval_snapshot(),
+        api_key=None,
+        data_dir=tmp_path,
+        language=language,
+    )
+
+
+# --- the rule -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_eleven_codes_and_the_legacy_chinese_code() -> None:
+    assert PASSED == UI_LANGUAGES
+    assert len(UI_LANGUAGES) == 11
+    # Earlier App builds stored zh-CN; it is zh-Hans now.
+    assert normalize_ui_language("zh-CN") == "zh-Hans"
+    assert normalize_ui_language("system") is None
+    assert normalize_ui_language("xx") is None
+    assert normalize_ui_language(None) is None
+
+
+def test_only_an_unset_language_leaves_the_sdk_to_detect() -> None:
+    assert sdk_language(None) is None
+    assert sdk_language("system") is None
+    assert sdk_language("xx") is None
+    # zh-Hans is passed like every other code; the legacy zh-CN maps to it.
+    assert sdk_language("zh-Hans") == "zh-Hans"
+    assert sdk_language("zh-CN") == "zh-Hans"
+    for code in PASSED:
+        assert sdk_language(code) == code
+
+
+def test_no_language_builds_the_config_of_before(tmp_path) -> None:
+    assert _config(tmp_path, None).language is None
+    assert _config(tmp_path, sdk_language("zh-Hans")).language == "zh-Hans"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("code", PASSED)
+def test_a_passed_code_reaches_the_memory_config(tmp_path, code) -> None:
+    config = _config(tmp_path, sdk_language(code))
+    assert config.language == code
+
+
+def test_the_language_never_changes_the_collection_identity(tmp_path) -> None:
+    def identity(config):
+        return (
+            dataclasses.asdict(config.vector_store),
+            config.embedder.model,
+            config.embedder.embedding_dims,
+            config.graph_store.db_path,
+            config.cache.db_path,
+        )
+
+    baseline = identity(_config(tmp_path, None))
+    for code in PASSED:
+        assert identity(_config(tmp_path, code)) == baseline
+
+
+def test_acquire_client_passes_the_language_only_when_there_is_one(tmp_path, monkeypatch) -> None:
+    calls: list[dict] = []
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        hy_sdk_runtime, "_acquire_client", lambda profile, **kwargs: calls.append(kwargs)
+    )
+    profile = hy_sdk_runtime.builtin_retrieval_snapshot()
+    hy_sdk_runtime.acquire_client(profile, api_key=None, data_dir=tmp_path, mode="pro")
+    hy_sdk_runtime.acquire_client(
+        profile, api_key=None, data_dir=tmp_path, mode="pro", language="ja"
+    )
+    assert "language" not in calls[0]
+    assert calls[1]["language"] == "ja"
+
+
+# --- the stored setting -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_the_setting_persists_and_an_untouched_install_writes_none(tmp_path) -> None:
+    store = ConfigStore(tmp_path)
+    store.set_sync("cursor", True)
+    assert "ui_language" not in json.loads((tmp_path / "config.json").read_text())
+    assert store.ui_language() is None
+    store.set_ui_language("ja")
+    assert json.loads((tmp_path / "config.json").read_text())["ui_language"] == "ja"
+    assert ConfigStore(tmp_path).ui_language() == "ja"
+    store.set_ui_language(None)
+    assert ConfigStore(tmp_path).ui_language() is None
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="invalid_ui_language"):
+        store.set_ui_language("zh-CN")  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        ConfigDocument.model_validate({"ui_language": "klingon"})
+
+
+# --- rebuilding handles -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class _FakeHandle:
+    def __init__(self, language: str | None) -> None:
+        self.language = language
+        self.closed = False
+
+    async def client(self):
+        return self
+
+    async def close(self):
+        self.closed = True
+
+
+def test_the_read_handle_rebuilds_its_client_when_the_language_changes(
+    monkeypatch, tmp_path
+) -> None:
+    language: list[str | None] = [None]
+    made: list[_FakeHandle] = []
+
+    def handle_for(profile, *, api_key, data_dir, mode=None, features=(), language=None):
+        made.append(_FakeHandle(language))
+        return made[-1]
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sdk_read_handle, "SdkClientHandle", handle_for)
+
+    class _NoProfile:
+        def active_identity(self):
+            return None
+
+    reads = sdk_read_handle.ActiveProfileReadHandle(
+        profiles=_NoProfile(),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        secrets=None,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        data_dir=tmp_path,
+        memory_mode=lambda: "pro",
+        language=lambda: language[0],
+    )
+
+    async def scenario():
+        # A use lasts as long as the task that asked, so each read is a task.
+        old = await asyncio.create_task(reads.client())
+        assert old.language is None
+        assert await asyncio.create_task(reads.client()) is old
+        language[0] = "ja"
+        fresh = await asyncio.create_task(reads.client())
+        assert fresh is not old and fresh.language == "ja"
+        for _ in range(10):
+            await asyncio.sleep(0)
+        assert old.closed and not fresh.closed
+        await reads.close()
+
+    asyncio.run(scenario())
+
+
+class _Profiles:
+    def active_identity(self):
+        return ("profile-a", 1)
+
+    def snapshot(self, profile_id, revision):
+        return SimpleNamespace(profile_id=profile_id, has_api_key=False)
+
+    def resolve_snapshot_secret(self, profile_id, revision, secrets):
+        return None
+
+
+def test_a_language_change_keeps_a_busy_write_handle_until_its_write_ends(monkeypatch) -> None:
+    language: list[str | None] = [None]
+    opened: list[_FakeHandle] = []
+
+    def handle(profile, **kwargs):
+        opened.append(_FakeHandle(kwargs.get("language")))
+        return opened[-1]
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sdk_write_processor, "SdkClientHandle", handle)
+    coordinator = sdk_write_processor.SdkWriteCoordinator(
+        profiles=_Profiles(),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        secrets=None,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        data_dir=None,
+        transport_factory=lambda _profile: None,
+        sedimentation_enabled=lambda: True,
+        memory_mode=lambda: "pro",
+        sdk_language=lambda: language[0],
+    )
+
+    async def scenario():
+        async with coordinator.use_client() as client:
+            assert client.language is None
+            language[0] = "de"
+            await coordinator.retire_stale_handles()
+            # In flight: it finishes in the language it started with (#218).
+            assert not opened[0].closed
+        assert opened[0].closed
+        async with coordinator.use_client() as client:
+            assert client.language == "de"
+        language[0] = None
+        await coordinator.retire_stale_handles()
+        assert opened[1].closed
+        await coordinator.close()
+
+    asyncio.run(scenario())
+
+
+# --- the HTTP surface -----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def run_app(tmp_path, monkeypatch, scenario) -> None:
+    async def main() -> None:
+        settings = Settings(
+            data_dir=tmp_path / "data",
+            source_home=tmp_path,
+            api_token=SecretStr(TOKEN),
+            imports_enabled=False,
+            automatic_memory_processing=False,
+            live_sync_enabled=False,
+        )
+        app = create_app(settings, secret_store=InMemorySecretStore())
+
+        @asynccontextmanager
+        async def write_client():
+            yield SimpleNamespace()
+
+        async with app.router.lifespan_context(app):
+            monkeypatch.setattr(app.state.sdk_write_coordinator, "use_client", write_client)
+            async with AsyncClient(
+                transport=ASGITransport(app=app),
+                base_url="http://test",
+                headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {TOKEN}"},
+            ) as client:
+                await scenario(app, client)
+
+    asyncio.run(main())
+
+
+@pytest.mark.fresh_sdk
+def test_ui_language_api_get_put_and_status(tmp_path, monkeypatch) -> None:
+    async def scenario(app, client):
+        reads = app.state.sdk_client_handle
+        writes = app.state.sdk_write_coordinator
+        retired: list[str | None] = []
+        retire = writes.retire_stale_handles
+
+        async def counting():
+            retired.append(writes.sdk_language())
+            await retire()
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(writes, "retire_stale_handles", counting)
+
+        current = (await client.get("/api/v1/settings/ui-language")).json()
+        assert current["ui_language"] is None and current["sdk_language"] == "auto"
+        assert current["languages"] == list(UI_LANGUAGES)
+        assert reads.current_language() is None and writes.sdk_language() is None
+
+        # zh-Hans is passed explicitly: Chinese prompts, handles rebuilt (#243).
+        body = (
+            await client.put("/api/v1/settings/ui-language", json={"ui_language": "zh-Hans"})
+        ).json()
+        assert body == {
+            **current,
+            "ui_language": "zh-Hans",
+            "sdk_language": "zh-Hans",
+            "rebuilt": True,
+        }
+        assert reads.current_language() == "zh-Hans" and writes.sdk_language() == "zh-Hans"
+        assert retired == ["zh-Hans"]
+        processing = (await client.get("/api/v1/memory-processing")).json()
+        assert processing["pipeline"]["sdk_language"] == "zh-Hans"
+
+        # The same value again changes nothing.
+        body = (
+            await client.put("/api/v1/settings/ui-language", json={"ui_language": "zh-Hans"})
+        ).json()
+        assert body["rebuilt"] is False and retired == ["zh-Hans"]
+
+        body = (await client.put("/api/v1/settings/ui-language", json={"ui_language": "ja"})).json()
+        assert body["sdk_language"] == "ja" and body["rebuilt"] is True
+        assert reads.current_language() == "ja" and writes.sdk_language() == "ja"
+        assert retired == ["zh-Hans", "ja"]
+
+        # An explicit English choice forces English prompts.
+        body = (await client.put("/api/v1/settings/ui-language", json={"ui_language": "en"})).json()
+        assert body["sdk_language"] == "en" and body["rebuilt"] is True
+
+        processing = (await client.get("/api/v1/memory-processing")).json()
+        assert processing["pipeline"]["ui_language"] == "en"
+        assert processing["pipeline"]["sdk_language"] == "en"
+
+        # Unset (CLI `settings language system`): auto again.
+        body = (await client.put("/api/v1/settings/ui-language", json={"ui_language": None})).json()
+        assert body["sdk_language"] == "auto" and body["rebuilt"] is True
+        assert reads.current_language() is None
+        saved = json.loads((tmp_path / "data" / "config.json").read_text())
+        assert saved["ui_language"] is None
+
+        for bad in ({"ui_language": "zh-CN"}, {"ui_language": "xx"}, {"language": "ja"}, {}):
+            response = await client.put("/api/v1/settings/ui-language", json=bad)
+            assert response.status_code == 422, bad
+
+    run_app(tmp_path, monkeypatch, scenario)

memhub/apps/core/uv.lock

@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hy-memory"
-version = "2.0.10"
+version = "2.0.11"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "chromadb" },
@@ -1008,9 +1008,9 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "scikit-learn" },
     { name = "tiktoken" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/86/ed/1e1264d5b8741237c34fdaf17ae68bf5d16d403ca73c054997a502cd06a3/hy_memory-2.0.10.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:0841a441862e2427f75898bb8c958ed22fa083d2c0326298687ee129bcb729a8", size = 881659, upload-time = "2026-11-01T11:33:33.742Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/01/93/aec7d243259f6a315f38e8ebc21a9eea153a48fc13648fda149be7672788/hy_memory-2.0.11.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:96d6bd606d61052f127cd274aa6f8de8e7151d6250f1e89e4ef5b90e18ec7cb0", size = 1245738, upload-time = "2026-11-01T14:15:02.474Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9f/d6/c07a9d2d3af14da5a90c2bc466a46fc77068c24570fafe8f5729e46e2cae/hy_memory-2.0.10-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:54528d61a1730c7ea0f464f15144de3d1952f5d9aab1875bc841c97a193914b1", size = 947165, upload-time = "2026-11-01T11:33:31.66Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1a/85/1f5e6a13507a0cfcdce26f67c590df00d327a0f7d5c5b5483c3bd0fa2f85/hy_memory-2.0.11-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:c0173444a83c1197a49acaccb123f8286cea205b4838c1e83d106974f5bad259", size = 1315871, upload-time = "2026-11-01T14:14:58.764Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1801,7 +1801,7 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "one-memory"
-version = "1.0.5"
+version = "1.0.6"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "aiomysql" },
@@ -1837,7 +1837,7 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "fastapi", specifier = ">=0.141.1" },
     { name = "filelock", specifier = ">=3.32.4" },
     { name = "httpx", specifier = ">=0.28.1" },
-    { name = "hy-memory", specifier = "==2.0.10" },
+    { name = "hy-memory", specifier = "==2.0.11" },
     { name = "keyring", specifier = ">=25.7.0" },
     { name = "numpy", specifier = "==2.5.2" },
     { name = "onnxruntime", specifier = "==1.23.2" },

memhub/apps/desktop/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@one-memory/desktop",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "private": true,
   "main": "dist/main.js",
   "scripts": {

memhub/apps/desktop/src/application-menu.test.ts

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ it("rebuilds translated labels from committed language updates without exporting
   expect(buildMenu).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(
     expect.arrayContaining([expect.objectContaining({ label: "Ayuda" })]),
   );
-  snapshot.locale = "zh-CN";
+  snapshot.locale = "zh-Hans";
   change?.();
   expect(read).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
   expect(buildMenu).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);

memhub/apps/desktop/src/application-menu.ts

@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ export function installApplicationMenu(options: {
     } catch {
       options.reportError(
         translate(
-          options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+          options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
           "nativeExportError",
         ),
       );
     }
   };
   const refresh = () => {
-    const locale = options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN";
+    const locale = options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans";
     options.setMenu(
       options.buildMenu([
         {

memhub/apps/desktop/src/background-tray.test.ts

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ function fixture(
   };
   let changed: (() => void) | undefined;
   const languageSnapshot: LanguageSnapshot = {
-    preference: "zh-CN",
-    locale: "zh-CN",
+    preference: "zh-Hans",
+    locale: "zh-Hans",
     revision: 1,
   };
   const app = { isPackaged: packaged, quit: vi.fn() };
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ describe("native macOS background tray", () => {
     expect(f.setLoginPreference).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     f.click(0);
     expect(f.open).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
-    f.changeLanguage("zh-CN");
+    f.changeLanguage("zh-Hans");
     await flush();
     expect(f.menu()[0]?.label).toBe("打开 MemHub");
     f.click(3);

memhub/apps/desktop/src/background-tray.ts

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export function installBackgroundTray(options: TrayOptions): () => void {
   let generation = 0;
   const refresh = async () => {
     if (disposed) return;
-    const locale = options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN";
+    const locale = options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans";
     const t = (key: MessageKey) =>
       translate(locale, key, { product: productName });
     const current = ++generation;
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export function installBackgroundTray(options: TrayOptions): () => void {
               .catch(() =>
                 options.reportError(
                   translate(
-                    options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+                    options.language?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
                     "nativeLoginError",
                   ),
                 ),

memhub/apps/desktop/src/build-identity-config.test.ts

@@ -15,9 +15,13 @@ it("bakes fallback release identity when the packaging pipeline omits it", async
   expect(config).toMatch(
     /__ONE_MEMORY_BUILD_NUMBER__: JSON\.stringify\(\s*String\(releaseBuildNumber\)/,
   );
-  expect(config).toMatch(
-    /process\.env\.ONE_MEMORY_COMMIT\?\.trim\(\) \|\| readSourceCommit\(\)/,
+  expect(config).toContain(
+    "const releaseCommit = resolveReleaseCommit(process.env.ONE_MEMORY_COMMIT)",
   );
+  expect(config).toMatch(/if \(!trimmed\) return readSourceCommit\(\);/);
+  // A supplied commit must be the full 40-character form the runtime accepts.
+  expect(config).toContain("/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/i.test(trimmed)");
+  expect(config).toContain("return trimmed.toLowerCase();");
   expect(config).toMatch(
     /execFileSync\("git", \["rev-parse", "HEAD"\],[\s\S]*?encoding: "utf8"/,
   );

memhub/apps/desktop/src/core-language-sync.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import type { GuiLocale, LanguageSnapshot } from "@one-memory/i18n";
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { coreUiLanguage, installCoreLanguageSync } from "./core-language-sync";
+
+function source(initial: LanguageSnapshot) {
+  let snapshot = initial;
+  const listeners = new Set<(value: LanguageSnapshot) => void>();
+  return {
+    read: () => snapshot,
+    subscribe(listener: (value: LanguageSnapshot) => void) {
+      listeners.add(listener);
+      return () => listeners.delete(listener);
+    },
+    change(next: LanguageSnapshot) {
+      snapshot = next;
+      for (const listener of listeners) listener(next);
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+const settle = () => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 0));
+
+describe("Core language sync", () => {
+  it("tells Core the language the GUI shows, system included", () => {
+    const shown = (
+      preference: LanguageSnapshot["preference"],
+      locale: GuiLocale,
+    ) => coreUiLanguage({ preference, locale, revision: 0 });
+    expect(shown("system", "zh-Hans")).toBe("zh-Hans");
+    expect(shown("system", "en")).toBe("en");
+    expect(shown("zh-Hans", "zh-Hans")).toBe("zh-Hans");
+    expect(shown("en", "en")).toBe("en");
+    expect(shown("ja", "ja")).toBe("ja");
+  });
+
+  it("sends the stored choice once at launch, then every change", async () => {
+    const language = source({ preference: "es", locale: "es", revision: 0 });
+    const send = vi.fn(async () => {});
+    const dispose = installCoreLanguageSync({ language, send });
+    await settle();
+    expect(send.mock.calls).toEqual([["es"]]);
+    language.change({ preference: "ja", locale: "ja", revision: 1 });
+    await settle();
+    language.change({ preference: "system", locale: "en", revision: 2 });
+    await settle();
+    expect(send.mock.calls).toEqual([["es"], ["ja"], ["en"]]);
+    dispose();
+    language.change({ preference: "de", locale: "de", revision: 3 });
+    await settle();
+    expect(send).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
+  });
+
+  it("an untouched install sends the system language the GUI shows", async () => {
+    const language = source({
+      preference: "system",
+      locale: "zh-Hans",
+      revision: 0,
+    });
+    const send = vi.fn(async () => {});
+    installCoreLanguageSync({ language, send });
+    await settle();
+    expect(send.mock.calls).toEqual([["zh-Hans"]]);
+    // Choosing the language already shown changes nothing Core sees.
+    language.change({ preference: "zh-Hans", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 1 });
+    await settle();
+    expect(send).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+
+  it("reports a failed send and retries it with the next change", async () => {
+    const language = source({ preference: "fr", locale: "fr", revision: 0 });
+    const send = vi
+      .fn<(value: string) => Promise<void>>()
+      .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("core_unavailable"))
+      .mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    const reportError = vi.fn();
+    installCoreLanguageSync({ language, send, reportError });
+    await settle();
+    expect(reportError).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    language.change({ preference: "fr", locale: "fr", revision: 1 });
+    await settle();
+    expect(send.mock.calls).toEqual([["fr"], ["fr"]]);
+  });
+});

memhub/apps/desktop/src/core-language-sync.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import type { GuiLocale, LanguageSnapshot } from "@one-memory/i18n";
+import type { NativeLanguageSource } from "./native-language";
+
+/**
+ * What Core is told: the language the GUI shows. "Follow the system" sends
+ * the language it resolved to, so the memories match the interface a person
+ * sees; the App never leaves the SDK to detect zh/en (#243).
+ */
+export function coreUiLanguage(snapshot: LanguageSnapshot): GuiLocale {
+  return snapshot.locale;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Keep Core's `ui_language` setting on the display language the GUI shows.
+ *
+ * Core builds every SDK client with it and passes it, zh-Hans included, as
+ * the SDK prompt language. Sent once when installed, so a choice made before
+ * this existed, or the system language followed at this launch, reaches
+ * Core; then on every committed change. A value Core already has is not sent
+ * again. Best effort: a failed send is reported and retried with the next
+ * change or launch, and never blocks the GUI.
+ */
+export function installCoreLanguageSync(options: {
+  language: NativeLanguageSource;
+  send(uiLanguage: GuiLocale): Promise<void>;
+  reportError?(error: unknown): void;
+}): () => void {
+  let closed = false;
+  let sent: GuiLocale | undefined;
+  let queue: Promise<void> = Promise.resolve();
+  const push = () => {
+    queue = queue.then(async () => {
+      if (closed) return;
+      const value = coreUiLanguage(options.language.read());
+      if (value === sent) return;
+      try {
+        await options.send(value);
+        sent = value;
+      } catch (error) {
+        options.reportError?.(error);
+      }
+    });
+  };
+  const unsubscribe = options.language.subscribe(push);
+  push();
+  return () => {
+    closed = true;
+    unsubscribe();
+  };
+}

memhub/apps/desktop/src/display-preferences-ipc.test.ts

@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ const fake = vi.hoisted(() => ({
   unload: undefined as unknown as EventTarget,
   packaged: true,
   userData: "",
-  preferred: vi.fn(() => ["es-MX", "zh-CN"]),
-  locale: vi.fn(() => "zh-CN"),
+  preferred: vi.fn(() => ["es-MX", "zh-Hans"]),
+  locale: vi.fn(() => "zh-Hans"),
   menu: vi.fn(),
   loadFailure: false,
   reduceMotion: false as unknown,
@@ -301,10 +301,10 @@ describe("GUI language main IPC", () => {
     await expect(read(eventFor(window))).rejects.toThrow();
     await expect(write(eventFor(window), "es")).rejects.toThrow();
     window.frame.url = "one-memory://app/index.html";
-    await write(eventFor(window), "zh-CN");
+    await write(eventFor(window), "zh-Hans");
     expect(window.frame.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       "one-memory:language-preference-changed",
-      { preference: "zh-CN", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 1 },
+      { preference: "zh-Hans", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 1 },
     );
     expect(foreign.frame.send).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     window.frame.send.mockImplementation(() => {
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ describe("language preference preload", () => {
       "es",
     );
     fake.invoke.mockClear();
-    await expect(api.setLanguagePreference("fr")).rejects.toThrow();
+    await expect(api.setLanguagePreference("it")).rejects.toThrow();
     expect(fake.invoke).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     const listener = vi.fn();
     const unsubscribe = api.onLanguagePreferenceChanged(listener);

memhub/apps/desktop/src/early-startup-errors.test.ts

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ describe("early desktop startup errors", () => {
         new Error("desktop_startup_failed"),
       );
       expect(showError).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith(
-        translate(locale ?? "zh-CN", "nativeErrorTitle"),
+        translate(locale ?? "zh-Hans", "nativeErrorTitle"),
         stableRuntimeUserMessage(new Error("desktop_startup_failed")),
       );
       expect(exit).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith(1);

memhub/apps/desktop/src/early-startup-errors.ts

@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ export function installEarlyStartupErrorHandler(
       // The dialog is the only part of this a person ever reads, so it gets the
       // explanation, not the code. The code stays in the diagnostic event,
       // where support can still match it against a known failure.
-      let locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN";
+      let locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans";
       try {
-        locale = options.readLocale?.() ?? "zh-CN";
+        locale = options.readLocale?.() ?? "zh-Hans";
       } catch {
         // Preferences may not exist yet; do not read files or guess the locale.
       }

memhub/apps/desktop/src/isolated-runtime.test.ts

@@ -526,7 +526,22 @@ describe("hourly isolated desktop launch", () => {
     expect(resolvePackagedBuildNumber("-1")).toBeUndefined();
     expect(resolvePackagedBuildNumber(undefined, "3907")).toBe(3907);
     expect(resolvePackagedBuildNumber("3908", "3907")).toBe(3908);
-    expect(resolvePackagedCommit(undefined, "388fd0e9")).toBe("388fd0e9");
-    expect(resolvePackagedCommit("not-a-sha", "388fd0e9")).toBe("388fd0e9");
+  });
+
+  it("resolves only a full 40-character commit and lowercases it", () => {
+    // Every downstream check (packaged-runtime install, local install, release
+    // download, release scripts) requires 40 lowercase hex characters.
+    const embedded = "388fd0e9b3c41a2d5e6f7a8b9c0d1e2f3a4b5c6d";
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit(undefined, embedded)).toBe(embedded);
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit(embedded.toUpperCase())).toBe(embedded);
+    expect(
+      resolvePackagedCommit(` ${embedded.toUpperCase()} `, undefined),
+    ).toBe(embedded);
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit("388fd0e9", embedded)).toBe(embedded);
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit("388fd0e9")).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit("not-a-sha", embedded)).toBe(embedded);
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit(`${embedded}0`, embedded)).toBe(embedded);
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit("g".repeat(40), embedded)).toBe(embedded);
+    expect(resolvePackagedCommit(undefined, "unknown")).toBeUndefined();
   });
 });

memhub/apps/desktop/src/isolated-runtime.ts

@@ -143,6 +143,12 @@ export function resolvePackagedBuildNumber(
   return undefined;
 }
 
+/**
+ * The packaged-runtime install, local install, release download and release
+ * scripts all require a full 40-character lowercase commit. Normalise here so
+ * that one format crosses this boundary: an uppercase full SHA is lowercased,
+ * and a short or malformed value is skipped so it cannot shadow the next source.
+ */
 export function resolvePackagedCommit(
   environmentValue: unknown,
   embeddedValue?: unknown,
@@ -150,7 +156,7 @@ export function resolvePackagedCommit(
   for (const value of [environmentValue, embeddedValue]) {
     if (typeof value !== "string") continue;
     const trimmed = value.trim();
-    if (/^[0-9a-f]{7,40}$/i.test(trimmed)) return trimmed;
+    if (/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/i.test(trimmed)) return trimmed.toLowerCase();
   }
   return undefined;
 }

memhub/apps/desktop/src/language-preferences-ipc.test.ts

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ describe("language preference IPC", () => {
     if (!read || !write) throw Error("Missing language handlers");
     await expect(read("foreign")).rejects.toThrow("untrusted");
     await expect(write("iframe", "es")).rejects.toThrow("untrusted");
-    await expect(write("trusted", "fr")).rejects.toThrow();
+    await expect(write("trusted", "it")).rejects.toThrow();
     await expect(write("trusted", "es", "extra")).rejects.toThrow();
     expect(save).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     expect(await read("trusted")).toEqual({

memhub/apps/desktop/src/language-preferences.test.ts

@@ -29,23 +29,42 @@ describe("GUI language preferences", () => {
       revision: 0,
     });
     expect(await readdir(root)).toEqual([]);
-    expect(await store.set("zh-CN")).toEqual({
-      preference: "zh-CN",
-      locale: "zh-CN",
+    expect(await store.set("zh-Hans")).toEqual({
+      preference: "zh-Hans",
+      locale: "zh-Hans",
       revision: 1,
     });
     expect(
       JSON.parse(await readFile(path.join(root, "gui-language.json"), "utf8")),
-    ).toEqual({ preference: "zh-CN" });
+    ).toEqual({ preference: "zh-Hans" });
     expect((await LanguagePreferences.open(root, "es")).read().preference).toBe(
-      "zh-CN",
+      "zh-Hans",
     );
     expect(
       (await LanguagePreferences.open(await profile(), "es")).read().preference,
     ).toBe("system");
     expect(await readdir(root)).toEqual(["gui-language.json"]);
   });
-  it.each(["{broken", '{"preference":"fr"}', "null", "[]"])(
+  it.each([
+    ["zh-CN", "zh-Hans", "zh-Hans"],
+    ["es", "es", "es"],
+    ["en", "en", "en"],
+    ["ja", "ja", "ja"],
+    ["system", "system", "en"],
+  ])(
+    "keeps an existing user's stored %s choice as %s",
+    async (stored, preference, locale) => {
+      const root = await profile();
+      const file = path.join(root, "gui-language.json");
+      const content = `${JSON.stringify({ preference: stored })}\n`;
+      await writeFile(file, content);
+      const store = await LanguagePreferences.open(root, "en-US");
+      expect(store.read()).toEqual({ preference, locale, revision: 0 });
+      // Read as today's code; the file is rewritten only by the next change.
+      expect(await readFile(file, "utf8")).toBe(content);
+    },
+  );
+  it.each(["{broken", '{"preference":"it"}', "null", "[]"])(
     "does not overwrite invalid input %s while loading",
     async (content) => {
       const root = await profile();
@@ -69,7 +88,7 @@ describe("GUI language preferences", () => {
     });
     const listener = vi.fn();
     store.subscribe(listener);
-    await expect(store.set("zh-CN")).rejects.toThrow(
+    await expect(store.set("zh-Hans")).rejects.toThrow(
       "language_preference_save_failed",
     );
     expect(store.read()).toEqual({
@@ -78,7 +97,7 @@ describe("GUI language preferences", () => {
       revision: 0,
     });
     expect(listener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
-    await store.set("zh-CN");
+    await store.set("zh-Hans");
     expect(store.read().revision).toBe(1);
     expect(listener).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
   });
@@ -97,7 +116,7 @@ describe("GUI language preferences", () => {
     });
     const listener = vi.fn();
     const unsubscribe = store.subscribe(listener);
-    const first = store.set("zh-CN");
+    const first = store.set("zh-Hans");
     const second = store.set("es");
     await vi.waitFor(() => expect(save).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
     expect(store.read().revision).toBe(0);

memhub/apps/desktop/src/language-preferences.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   isLanguagePreference,
   type LanguagePreference,
   type LanguageSnapshot,
+  normalizeLanguagePreference,
   resolveGuiLocale,
 } from "@one-memory/i18n";
 
@@ -58,14 +59,13 @@ export class LanguagePreferences {
     let preference: LanguagePreference = "system";
     try {
       const data: unknown = JSON.parse(await io.read(file));
-      if (
-        data &&
-        typeof data === "object" &&
-        "preference" in data &&
-        isLanguagePreference(data.preference)
-      ) {
-        preference = data.preference;
-      }
+      // An earlier build's code (zh-CN) reads as today's (zh-Hans), so a
+      // person keeps the language they chose; the next change writes it.
+      const stored =
+        data && typeof data === "object" && "preference" in data
+          ? normalizeLanguagePreference(data.preference)
+          : null;
+      if (stored !== null) preference = stored;
     } catch {
       // Missing, unreadable or corrupt preferences never block startup or get rewritten.
     }

memhub/apps/desktop/src/main.ts

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ import { installApplicationMenu } from "./application-menu";
 import { installBackgroundHealthIpc } from "./background-health-ipc";
 import { installBackgroundTray } from "./background-tray";
 import { installConnectionSetupIpc } from "./connection-setup-ipc";
+import { installCoreLanguageSync } from "./core-language-sync";
 import {
   CoreSupervisor,
   ensureRuntimeProcess,
@@ -151,6 +152,7 @@ let connectionSetup: ReturnType<typeof installConnectionSetupIpc> | null = null;
 let disposeBackgroundHealth: (() => void) | null = null;
 let stableRuntimeRepair: Promise<void> | null = null;
 let disposeDiagnostics: (() => void) | null = null;
+let disposeCoreLanguageSync: (() => void) | null = null;
 let desktopDiagnostics: DiagnosticLogger | null = null;
 let exportDiagnosticsFromMenu: (() => Promise<void>) | null = null;
 const desktopStartupStartedAt = Date.now();
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ installEarlyStartupErrorHandler({
     process.env.ONE_MEMORY_DATA_DIR?.trim() ||
     path.join(app.getPath("home"), ".one-memory"),
   stderr: process.stderr,
-  readLocale: () => languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+  readLocale: () => languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
   showError: (title, message) => dialog.showErrorBox(title, message),
   exit: (code) => app.exit(code),
 });
@@ -296,9 +298,9 @@ function installPackagedWebProtocol(): void {
   installAppProtocol(path.join(process.resourcesPath, "web"), {
     // Preferences are open by now: beforeNativeUi runs before this window.
     startupScreen: () => {
-      let locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN";
+      let locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans";
       try {
-        locale = languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN";
+        locale = languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans";
       } catch {
         // An unreadable preference keeps the Chinese placeholder.
       }
@@ -1404,16 +1406,16 @@ async function initialize(isQuitting: () => boolean): Promise<void> {
       void dialog.showMessageBox({
         type: "warning",
         message: translate(
-          languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+          languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
           "nativeMoveTitle",
         ),
         detail: translate(
-          languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+          languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
           "nativeMoveDetail",
         ),
         buttons: [
           translate(
-            languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+            languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
             "nativeAcknowledge",
           ),
         ],
@@ -1518,6 +1520,43 @@ async function initialize(isQuitting: () => boolean): Promise<void> {
         };
       },
     });
+    if (languagePreferences) {
+      // Core builds the SDK clients with the display language (`ui_language`).
+      disposeCoreLanguageSync = installCoreLanguageSync({
+        language: languagePreferences,
+        send: async (uiLanguage) => {
+          const core = coreSupervisor;
+          if (!core) throw new Error("core_supervisor_unavailable");
+          const publishedPort = await readPublishedCorePort(dataDir).catch(
+            () => null,
+          );
+          const response = await fetch(
+            `http://127.0.0.1:${publishedPort ?? core.port}/api/v1/settings/ui-language`,
+            {
+              method: "PUT",
+              headers: {
+                Authorization: `Bearer ${core.apiToken}`,
+                "Content-Type": "application/json",
+              },
+              body: JSON.stringify({ ui_language: uiLanguage }),
+              signal: AbortSignal.timeout(5_000),
+            },
+          );
+          if (!response.ok)
+            throw new Error(`ui_language_sync_http_${response.status}`);
+        },
+        reportError: (error) =>
+          void diagnostics
+            .log({
+              level: "warn",
+              component: "desktop.language",
+              event: "ui_language.sync_failed",
+              outcome: "failed",
+              ...diagnosticError(error),
+            })
+            .catch(() => {}),
+      });
+    }
     await diagnostics.log({
       level: "info",
       component: "desktop.lifecycle",
@@ -1657,6 +1696,8 @@ if (desktopVersion !== null) {
         ...(coreSupervisor ? { instance_id: coreSupervisor.instanceId } : {}),
       });
       // An admitted native effect must settle and journal before Runtime detach.
+      disposeCoreLanguageSync?.();
+      disposeCoreLanguageSync = null;
       disposeLanguagePreferences?.();
       disposeLanguagePreferences = null;
       await languagePreferences?.drain();
@@ -1708,6 +1749,8 @@ if (desktopVersion !== null) {
       });
     },
     dispose: () => {
+      disposeCoreLanguageSync?.();
+      disposeCoreLanguageSync = null;
       disposeLanguagePreferences?.();
       disposeLanguagePreferences = null;
       disposeApplicationMenu?.();
@@ -1738,7 +1781,7 @@ if (desktopVersion !== null) {
         showMigrationFailureDialog({
           error,
           dataDir: runtimeDataDir,
-          locale: languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+          locale: languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
           dependencies: {
             showMessageBoxSync: (options) => dialog.showMessageBoxSync(options),
             showItemInFolder: (target) => shell.showItemInFolder(target),
@@ -1766,7 +1809,7 @@ if (desktopVersion !== null) {
         return;
       dialog.showErrorBox(
         translate(
-          languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-CN",
+          languagePreferences?.read().locale ?? "zh-Hans",
           "nativeErrorTitle",
         ),
         stableRuntimeFailureDetail(error),

memhub/apps/desktop/src/migration-failure-dialog.test.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   MAX_ISSUE_URL_LENGTH,
   MIGRATION_ISSUE_URL,
   type MigrationDialogDependencies,
+  migrationDialogText,
   migrationFailureCode,
   migrationIssueBody,
   migrationIssueUrl,
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ describe("migration failure dialog", () => {
     const handled = showMigrationFailureDialog({
       error: new Error("sdk_migration_preflight_failed"),
       dataDir,
-      locale: "zh-CN",
+      locale: "zh-Hans",
       dependencies: deps,
     });
 
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@ describe("migration failure dialog", () => {
         // Desktop's own migration throws the code the note records.
         error: new Error("sdk_data_plane_dispatch_failed"),
         dataDir,
-        locale: "zh-CN",
+        locale: "zh-Hans",
         dependencies: deps,
         environment: {
           appVersion: "2.0.6",
@@ -217,6 +218,35 @@ describe("migration failure dialog", () => {
     expect(body).not.toContain(accountHome);
   });
 
+  it("speaks the display language in the dialog and the issue body", () => {
+    const en = migrationDialogText("sdk_migration_x", "/tmp/m.log", "en", true);
+    expect(en.detail).toBe(
+      "To protect your data, MemHub will not start. Please attach the migration log to a GitHub issue and send it to us. (Error code: sdk_migration_x)" +
+        "\n\nYour data was restored to its state before the upgrade." +
+        "\n\nLog: /tmp/m.log",
+    );
+    const ja = migrationDialogText("sdk_migration_x", "/tmp/m.log", "ja");
+    expect(ja.message).toBe(
+      "MemHub のアップグレード中にデータ移行が完了しませんでした。",
+    );
+    expect([ja.openLog, ja.quit]).toEqual(["ログを開く", "終了"]);
+    expect(ja.detail).toContain("sdk_migration_x");
+    // A system language code resolves like the GUI does (de-AT → de).
+    expect(migrationDialogText("c", "/l", "de-AT").quit).toBe("Beenden");
+    const body = migrationIssueBody({
+      code: "sdk_migration_preflight_failed",
+      logPath: "~/.one-memory/logs/sdk-migration.log",
+      dataRestored: false,
+      arch: "arm64",
+      locale: "fr",
+    });
+    expect(body).toContain("## Échec de la migration lors de la mise à jour");
+    expect(body).toMatch(/- Code d’erreur\s: sdk_migration_preflight_failed/);
+    expect(body).toContain(": non");
+    expect(body).toMatch(/- Système\s: inconnu \(arm64\)/);
+    expect(body).toContain("~/.one-memory/logs/sdk-migration.log");
+  });
+
   it("says 未知 for what the log does not know instead of guessing", () => {
     const body = migrationIssueBody({
       code: "sdk_migration_preflight_failed",
@@ -296,7 +326,7 @@ describe("migration failure dialog", () => {
       showMigrationFailureDialog({
         error: new Error("installed_version_conflict"),
         dataDir: await home(),
-        locale: "zh-CN",
+        locale: "zh-Hans",
         dependencies: deps,
       }),
     ).toBe(false);

memhub/apps/desktop/src/migration-failure-dialog.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,12 @@ import {
   readSync,
 } from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
+import {
+  type GuiLocale,
+  isGuiLocale,
+  resolveGuiLocale,
+  translate,
+} from "@one-memory/i18n";
 
 /**
  * What a person sees when an upgrade did not reach SDK authority.
@@ -106,51 +112,70 @@ export interface MigrationIssueFacts {
   arch?: string | null;
   /** The local log path, already shown with the home directory as `~`. */
   logPath: string;
+  /** The display language; Simplified Chinese when absent. */
+  locale?: string;
 }
 
-const UNKNOWN = "未知";
-
-function versionText(value: string | null | undefined): string {
-  return typeof value === "string" && VERSION.test(value) ? value : UNKNOWN;
+/** A display language, or the one a system language code resolves to. */
+function dialogLocale(locale: string | undefined): GuiLocale {
+  if (locale === undefined) return "zh-Hans";
+  return isGuiLocale(locale) ? locale : resolveGuiLocale("system", locale);
 }
 
-function buildText(value: number | null | undefined): string {
+function versionText(value: string | null | undefined): string | null {
+  return typeof value === "string" && VERSION.test(value) ? value : null;
+}
+
+function buildText(value: number | null | undefined): string | null {
   return typeof value === "number" && Number.isSafeInteger(value) && value > 0
     ? String(value)
-    : UNKNOWN;
+    : null;
 }
 
 function stepText(
   step: string | null | undefined,
   sub: string | null | undefined,
-) {
-  if (typeof step !== "string" || !STEP.test(step)) return UNKNOWN;
+): string | null {
+  if (typeof step !== "string" || !STEP.test(step)) return null;
   return typeof sub === "string" && STEP.test(sub) ? `${step} / ${sub}` : step;
 }
 
 /** The issue body: short, content-free, and honest about what is unknown. */
 export function migrationIssueBody(facts: MigrationIssueFacts): string {
+  const locale = dialogLocale(facts.locale);
+  const unknown = translate(locale, "migration.unknown");
+  const known = (value: string | null) => value ?? unknown;
   const restored =
     facts.dataRestored === true
-      ? "是"
+      ? translate(locale, "migration.yes")
       : facts.dataRestored === false
-        ? "否"
-        : UNKNOWN;
+        ? translate(locale, "migration.no")
+        : unknown;
   const system = [facts.osName, facts.osVersion]
     .map((part) => versionText(part))
-    .filter((part) => part !== UNKNOWN)
+    .filter((part) => part !== null)
     .join(" ");
   const arch = versionText(facts.arch);
   return [
-    "## 升级迁移失败",
-    `- 从 MemHub ${versionText(facts.fromVersion)}（build ${buildText(facts.fromBuild)}）升级到 ${versionText(facts.toVersion)}（build ${buildText(facts.toBuild)}），迁移数据失败。`,
-    `- 错误码：${CODE.test(facts.code) ? facts.code : UNKNOWN}`,
-    `- 失败步骤：${stepText(facts.step, facts.subStep)}`,
-    `- 数据已恢复到升级前状态：${restored}`,
-    `- 系统：${system || UNKNOWN}${arch === UNKNOWN ? "" : `（${arch}）`}`,
-    `- 迁移日志（本地）：${facts.logPath}`,
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueHeading"),
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueUpgrade", {
+      fromVersion: known(versionText(facts.fromVersion)),
+      fromBuild: known(buildText(facts.fromBuild)),
+      toVersion: known(versionText(facts.toVersion)),
+      toBuild: known(buildText(facts.toBuild)),
+    }),
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueCode", {
+      code: CODE.test(facts.code) ? facts.code : unknown,
+    }),
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueStep", {
+      step: known(stepText(facts.step, facts.subStep)),
+    }),
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueRestored", { restored }),
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueSystem", { system: system || unknown }) +
+      (arch === null ? "" : translate(locale, "migration.issueArch", { arch })),
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueLog", { path: facts.logPath }),
     "",
-    "请把上面这个日志文件拖到这里作为附件，再提交。",
+    translate(locale, "migration.issueAttach"),
     "",
   ].join("\n");
 }
@@ -302,31 +327,18 @@ export function migrationDialogText(
   locale: string,
   dataRestored = false,
 ): MigrationDialogText {
-  if (locale.toLowerCase().startsWith("en")) {
-    return {
-      title: "MemHub",
-      message: "The data migration for this MemHub upgrade did not finish.",
-      detail:
-        "To protect your data, MemHub will not start. Please attach the migration log to a GitHub issue and send it to us. " +
-        `(Error code: ${code})` +
-        (dataRestored
-          ? "\n\nYour data was restored to its state before the upgrade."
-          : "") +
-        `\n\nLog: ${logPath}`,
-      openLog: "Open log",
-      quit: "Quit",
-    };
-  }
+  const language = dialogLocale(locale);
   return {
     title: "MemHub",
-    message: "MemHub 升级时数据迁移没有完成。",
+    message: translate(language, "migration.dialogMessage"),
     detail:
-      "为保护你的数据，MemHub 不会启动。请把迁移日志附在 GitHub 反馈里发给我们。" +
-      `（错误码：${code}）` +
-      (dataRestored ? "\n\n记忆数据已恢复到升级前的状态。" : "") +
-      `\n\n日志：${logPath}`,
-    openLog: "打开日志",
-    quit: "退出",
+      translate(language, "migration.dialogDetail", { code }) +
+      (dataRestored
+        ? `\n\n${translate(language, "migration.dataRestored")}`
+        : "") +
+      `\n\n${translate(language, "migration.logPath", { path: logPath })}`,
+    openLog: translate(language, "migration.openLog"),
+    quit: translate(language, "migration.quit"),
   };
 }
 
@@ -434,6 +446,7 @@ export function showMigrationFailureDialog(options: {
       osVersion: environment.osVersion ?? null,
       arch: environment.arch ?? null,
       logPath: displayPath(logPath, environment.home ?? null),
+      locale: options.locale,
     });
     void Promise.resolve(
       options.dependencies.openExternal(migrationIssueUrl(code, body)),

memhub/apps/desktop/src/startup-screen.test.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe("startup screen", () => {
     expect(html).not.toContain("ipcRenderer");
   });
   it("speaks the interface language and keeps Chinese by default", () => {
-    expect(startupScreenHtml()).toContain('<html lang="zh-CN">');
+    expect(startupScreenHtml()).toContain('<html lang="zh-Hans">');
     expect(startupScreenHtml()).toContain("正在启动，正在准备记忆服务…");
     const spanish = startupScreenHtml("es");
     expect(spanish).toContain('<html lang="es">');

memhub/apps/desktop/src/startup-screen.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ export const STARTUP_SCREEN_URL = `${APP_ORIGIN}${STARTUP_SCREEN_PATH}`;
  * the gap. It deliberately makes no IPC calls: it renders before `initialize`
  * has registered any handler, and anything it asked for would fail.
  */
-export function startupScreenHtml(locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN"): string {
+export function startupScreenHtml(locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans"): string {
   return `<!doctype html>
 <html lang="${locale}">
   <head>

memhub/apps/desktop/tsup.config.ts

@@ -11,8 +11,20 @@ const { resolveBuildNumber, resolveBuildVersion } =
   };
 const releaseVersion = resolveBuildVersion(process.env);
 const releaseBuildNumber = resolveBuildNumber(process.env);
-const releaseCommit =
-  process.env.ONE_MEMORY_COMMIT?.trim() || readSourceCommit();
+const releaseCommit = resolveReleaseCommit(process.env.ONE_MEMORY_COMMIT);
+
+// The runtime accepts only a full 40-character commit, so an explicitly
+// supplied malformed value fails the build instead of being baked and skipped.
+function resolveReleaseCommit(explicit: string | undefined): string {
+  const trimmed = explicit?.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) return readSourceCommit();
+  if (!/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/i.test(trimmed)) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `ONE_MEMORY_COMMIT must be a full 40-character hex commit, got ${JSON.stringify(trimmed)}`,
+    );
+  }
+  return trimmed.toLowerCase();
+}
 
 function readSourceCommit(): string {
   try {

memhub/apps/site/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@one-memory/site",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
   "scripts": {

memhub/apps/web/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@one-memory/web",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
   "scripts": {

memhub/apps/web/src/ApplicationDetail.test.tsx

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ it("translates application detail live without triggering extra reads or writes"
   ).toBeTruthy();
   expect(screen.getByRole("switch", { name: "Sincronización" })).toBeTruthy();
   await waitFor(() => expect(refresh).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
-  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
   await act(async () =>
     window.dispatchEvent(
       new StorageEvent("storage", { key: LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY }),
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ it("shows insertion still on when neither removal nor revocation succeeded", asy
 });
 
 let languageListener: ((snapshot: unknown) => void) | undefined;
-function switchLanguage(locale: "es" | "zh-CN", revision: number) {
+function switchLanguage(locale: "es" | "zh-Hans", revision: number) {
   act(() => languageListener?.({ preference: locale, locale, revision }));
 }
 async function failDisconnectInSpanish() {
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ it("re-words a visible failure when the language changes, without new writes", a
   ).getRecallHosts;
   const readCount = reads.mock.calls.length;
   const revokes = bridge.revokeRecallPermission.mock.calls.length;
-  switchLanguage("zh-CN", 2);
+  switchLanguage("zh-Hans", 2);
   expect(
     await screen.findByText(
       "连接未能移除，记忆权限也未能撤销，OpenCode 仍可使用记忆，请重试。原因：应用控制通道暂不可用。",

memhub/apps/web/src/ApplicationsHome.test.tsx

@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ import { queryClient, resetClient } from "./query-client";
 it("localizes the whole home live without repeating reads or changing imported text", async () => {
   let change:
     | ((snapshot: {
-        preference: "es" | "zh-CN";
-        locale: "es" | "zh-CN";
+        preference: "es" | "zh-Hans";
+        locale: "es" | "zh-Hans";
         revision: number;
       }) => void)
     | undefined;
@@ -52,7 +52,9 @@ it("localizes the whole home live without repeating reads or changing imported t
   fireEvent.click(
     screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Ver las 5 aplicaciones" }),
   );
-  act(() => change?.({ preference: "zh-CN", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 2 }));
+  act(() =>
+    change?.({ preference: "zh-Hans", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 2 }),
+  );
   expect(
     screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "全部应用", level: 1 }),
   ).toBeTruthy();

memhub/apps/web/src/CallHistory.test.tsx

@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ it("traduce el historial en vivo sin cambiar nombres ni contenido importado", as
   ).toBeTruthy();
   expect(screen.getAllByText("Consulta completada")).toHaveLength(2);
   expect(screen.getByText("Consulta de memorias")).toBeTruthy();
-  window.localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+  window.localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
   fireEvent(window, new StorageEvent("storage", { key: LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY }));
   expect(screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "这次查记忆" })).toBeTruthy();
   window.localStorage.removeItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY);

memhub/apps/web/src/ConnectionFallback.tsx

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ function ConnectionMaterialFallback({
     ? t("connectionFallback.promptShell", { shell: material.shell })
     : "";
   const prompt =
-    locale === "zh-CN"
+    locale === "zh-Hans"
       ? material.prompt
       : t("connectionFallback.promptTemplate", {
           mcp: material.mcp,

memhub/apps/web/src/DebugLogPanel.test.tsx

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
 function SwitchLanguage() {
   const { setPreference } = useGuiLanguage();
   return (
-    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-CN")}>
+    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-Hans")}>
       Cambiar idioma
     </button>
   );

memhub/apps/web/src/GraphWidthPrompt.test.tsx

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import {
 function LanguageSwitch() {
   const { setPreference } = useGuiLanguage();
   return (
-    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-CN")}>
+    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-Hans")}>
       Cambiar idioma
     </button>
   );

memhub/apps/web/src/HealthPanel.test.tsx

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ vi.mock("./api", () => ({
 function HealthLanguageSwitch() {
   const { setPreference } = useGuiLanguage();
   return (
-    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-CN")}>
+    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-Hans")}>
       Cambiar idioma
     </button>
   );

memhub/apps/web/src/ImportProgressStrip.test.tsx

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ describe("ImportProgressStrip", () => {
     function Switch() {
       const { setPreference } = useGuiLanguage();
       return (
-        <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-CN")}>
+        <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-Hans")}>
           Cambiar idioma
         </button>
       );

memhub/apps/web/src/LanguageSelector.test.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // @vitest-environment jsdom
 
-import { translate } from "@one-memory/i18n";
+import { LOCALE_NAMES, SUPPORTED_LOCALES, translate } from "@one-memory/i18n";
 import {
   cleanup,
   fireEvent,
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
   vi.restoreAllMocks();
 });
 
-it.each(["zh-CN", "en", "es"] as const)(
+it.each(["zh-Hans", "en", "es", "ja", "de", "ru"] as const)(
   "hides the compact label while preserving its accessible name in %s",
   async (locale) => {
     localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, locale);
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ it.each(["zh-CN", "en", "es"] as const)(
   },
 );
 
-it.each(["zh-CN", "en", "es"] as const)(
+it.each(["zh-Hans", "en", "es", "zh-Hant", "fr", "ko"] as const)(
   "keeps the normal settings label visible and accessible in %s",
   (locale) => {
     localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, locale);
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ it.each(["zh-CN", "en", "es"] as const)(
   },
 );
 
-it.each(["system", "zh-CN", "en", "es"] as const)(
+it.each(["system", "zh-Hans", "en", "es", "pt", "id"] as const)(
   "keeps one stable settings row for the %s preference",
   async (preference) => {
     localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, preference);
@@ -81,40 +81,46 @@ it.each(["system", "zh-CN", "en", "es"] as const)(
     expect(row).toBeTruthy();
     expect(row?.querySelector("label")?.hidden).toBe(false);
     await userEvent.click(selector);
-    expect(
-      screen
-        .getByRole("option", {
-          name: /简体中文|Simplified Chinese|Chino simplificado/,
-        })
-        .getAttribute("lang"),
-    ).toBe("zh-CN");
-    expect(
-      screen
-        .getByRole("option", { name: /英语|English|Inglés/ })
-        .getAttribute("lang"),
-    ).toBe("en");
-    expect(
-      screen
-        .getByRole("option", { name: /西班牙语|Spanish|Español/ })
-        .getAttribute("lang"),
-    ).toBe("es");
+    // Every language by its own name, whatever the interface language.
+    for (const locale of SUPPORTED_LOCALES) {
+      expect(
+        screen
+          .getByRole("option", { name: LOCALE_NAMES[locale] })
+          .getAttribute("lang"),
+      ).toBe(locale);
+    }
   },
 );
 
 it("offers an accessible selector, persists and updates its label", async () => {
-  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
   render(
     <LanguageProvider>
       <LanguageSelector />
     </LanguageProvider>,
   );
   const selector = screen.getByRole("combobox", {
-    name: translate("zh-CN", "languageLabel"),
+    name: translate("zh-Hans", "languageLabel"),
   });
   expect(selector.getAttribute("aria-describedby")).toBeTruthy();
   await userEvent.click(selector);
-  expect(screen.getAllByRole("option")).toHaveLength(4);
-  await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("option", { name: "西班牙语" }));
+  expect(
+    screen.getAllByRole("option").map((option) => option.textContent),
+  ).toEqual([
+    translate("zh-Hans", "languageSystem"),
+    "English",
+    "简体中文",
+    "繁體中文",
+    "日本語",
+    "Español",
+    "Deutsch",
+    "Português",
+    "Français",
+    "한국어",
+    "Русский",
+    "Bahasa Indonesia",
+  ]);
+  await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("option", { name: "Español" }));
   expect(localStorage.getItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY)).toBe("es");
   expect(
     screen.getByRole("combobox", { name: translate("es", "languageLabel") }),
@@ -143,12 +149,12 @@ it("supports keyboard selection without using the system select menu", async ()
   expect(selector.getAttribute("aria-expanded")).toBe("true");
   await userEvent.keyboard("{Escape}");
   await userEvent.keyboard("{ArrowDown}{ArrowDown}{Enter}");
-  expect(localStorage.getItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY)).toBe("zh-CN");
+  expect(localStorage.getItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY)).toBe("en");
   expect(selector.getAttribute("aria-expanded")).toBe("false");
 });
 
 it("announces storage errors without replacing the confirmed choice", async () => {
-  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
   render(
     <LanguageProvider>
       <LanguageSelector />
@@ -158,12 +164,12 @@ it("announces storage errors without replacing the confirmed choice", async () =
     throw new Error("denied");
   });
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("combobox"));
-  await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("option", { name: "西班牙语" }));
+  await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("option", { name: "Español" }));
   expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe(
-    translate("zh-CN", "languageSaveError"),
+    translate("zh-Hans", "languageSaveError"),
   );
   expect((screen.getByRole("combobox") as HTMLButtonElement).value).toBe(
-    "zh-CN",
+    "zh-Hans",
   );
 });
 

memhub/apps/web/src/LanguageSelector.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-import { isLanguagePreference } from "@one-memory/i18n";
+import {
+  isLanguagePreference,
+  LOCALE_NAMES,
+  SUPPORTED_LOCALES,
+} from "@one-memory/i18n";
 import { useId, useState } from "react";
 import { useGuiLanguage } from "./gui-language";
 import { OptionMenu } from "./OptionMenu";
@@ -7,24 +11,15 @@ export function LanguageSelector({ compact = false }: { compact?: boolean }) {
   const id = useId();
   const { preference, setPreference, t, error } = useGuiLanguage();
   const [pending, setPending] = useState(false);
+  // Each language by its own name, so a person can find theirs in any UI.
   const options = [
     { value: "system", label: t("languageSystem") },
-    {
-      value: "zh-CN",
-      label: compact ? "简体中文" : t("languageChinese"),
-      lang: "zh-CN",
-    },
-    {
-      value: "en",
-      label: compact ? "English" : t("languageEnglish"),
-      lang: "en",
-    },
-    {
-      value: "es",
-      label: compact ? "Español" : t("languageSpanish"),
-      lang: "es",
-    },
-  ] as const;
+    ...SUPPORTED_LOCALES.map((locale) => ({
+      value: locale,
+      label: LOCALE_NAMES[locale],
+      lang: locale,
+    })),
+  ];
   return (
     <section
       aria-labelledby={compact ? `${id}-label` : `${id}-title`}

memhub/apps/web/src/MemoryMap.tsx

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ type Props = {
 
 function dayStamp(
   value: string | null | undefined,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ) {
   if (!value || !Number.isFinite(Date.parse(value)))
     return memoryText(locale, "时间未知");
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ function monthDay(value: string, locale: GuiLocale): string | null {
 function sourceStamp(
   time: { at: string; basis: "conversation" | "import" | "write" } | undefined,
   fallback: string | null | undefined,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ): string {
   const day = time ? monthDay(time.at, locale) : null;
   if (time && day)

memhub/apps/web/src/MemorySpace.r6.test.tsx

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ it("translates memory filters and detail affordances live without refetching", a
   expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Buscar" })).toBeTruthy();
   const calls = reads.sdkLibrary.mock.calls.length;
   act(() => {
-    localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+    localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
     window.dispatchEvent(
       new StorageEvent("storage", { key: LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY }),
     );

memhub/apps/web/src/ModelSettings.test.tsx

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ it("keeps the edited model draft and does not mutate on live language changes",
     activate.mock.calls.length,
     probeProfile.mock.calls.length,
   ];
-  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
   await act(async () =>
     window.dispatchEvent(
       new StorageEvent("storage", { key: LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY }),

memhub/apps/web/src/OnboardingFlow.language.test.tsx

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ function controller(overrides: Partial<SourceResponse> = {}) {
 function SwitchLanguage() {
   const { setPreference } = useGuiLanguage();
   return (
-    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-CN")}>
+    <button type="button" onClick={() => void setPreference("zh-Hans")}>
       中文
     </button>
   );
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
 });
 
 it("changes the first-screen language without losing source choices or starting an import", async () => {
-  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
   const imports = controller();
   const finish = vi.fn();
   const user = userEvent.setup();
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ it.each([
     );
   },
 );
-it.each(["es", "zh-CN"] as const)(
+it.each(["es", "zh-Hans"] as const)(
   "preserves three multiline progress cards and receipt statuses in %s",
   (locale) => {
     localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, locale);
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ it.each([
     } as unknown as ImportJob;
     for (const [locale, expected] of [
       ["es", spanish],
-      ["zh-CN", chinese],
+      ["zh-Hans", chinese],
     ] as const) {
       localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, locale);
       const view = render(

memhub/apps/web/src/OnboardingModelStep.test.tsx

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
   localStorage.clear();
 });
 
-it.each(["es", "zh-CN"] as const)(
+it.each(["es", "zh-Hans"] as const)(
   "keeps %s footer actions, pending locks and permission boundaries",
   async (locale) => {
     localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, locale);

memhub/apps/web/src/OnboardingModelStep.tsx

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export function OnboardingModelStep(props: OnboardingModelStepProps) {
   // The Chinese label already names the destination; shorter translated labels
   // need it as a description for assistive technology.
   const skipDestination =
-    locale === "zh-CN" ? "" : t("onboardingModelSkipDestination");
+    locale === "zh-Hans" ? "" : t("onboardingModelSkipDestination");
   const fields = useRef<HTMLElement>(null);
   const advancedToggle = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
   const restoreToggleFocus = useRef(false);

memhub/apps/web/src/R6ColdStartFrame.test.tsx

@@ -87,6 +87,26 @@ it("removes the duplicate native drag overlay above the language selector", () =
   ).toMatch(/-webkit-app-region:\s*no-drag/);
 });
 
+it("keeps long language names on one line in the fixed-size selectors", () => {
+  // "Utiliser la langue du système", "Systemsprache verwenden" and
+  // "Bahasa Indonesia" are wider than the 144px title-bar button.
+  for (const [file, selector] of [
+    [
+      "onboarding-r6.css",
+      ".onboarding-r6-titlebar .r6-language-option-menu .om-option-menu-button",
+    ],
+    [
+      "r6-settings.css",
+      ".r6-settings .r6-language-option-menu .om-option-menu-button",
+    ],
+  ] as const) {
+    const rule = declaration(file, selector);
+    expect(rule, selector).toMatch(/white-space:\s*nowrap/);
+    expect(rule, selector).toMatch(/text-overflow:\s*ellipsis/);
+    expect(rule, selector).toMatch(/overflow:\s*hidden/);
+  }
+});
+
 it("keeps selection status outside decorative fades and readable when disabled", () => {
   expect(
     declaration("onboarding-r6.css", ".onboarding-r6-list-area::after"),
@@ -122,7 +142,7 @@ it("keeps the product language menu keyboard-focusable and switches both languag
   expect(screen.getByRole("combobox").getAttribute("id")).toBe(selector.id);
   await user.click(selector);
   await user.click(screen.getByRole("option", { name: "简体中文" }));
-  expect(document.documentElement.lang).toBe("zh-CN");
+  expect(document.documentElement.lang).toBe("zh-Hans");
   expect(screen.getByRole("combobox", { name: "界面语言" })).toBe(selector);
 });
 
@@ -146,7 +166,7 @@ it.each([1, 2, 3] as const)(
     await userEvent.click(selector);
     expect(
       screen.getByRole("option", { name: "简体中文" }).getAttribute("lang"),
-    ).toBe("zh-CN");
+    ).toBe("zh-Hans");
     expect(
       screen.getByRole("option", { name: "Español" }).getAttribute("lang"),
     ).toBe("es");

memhub/apps/web/src/R6Settings.test.tsx

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ it("changes settings copy live without rereading profiles or changing permission
   ).toBeNull();
   const reads = vi.mocked(getModelProfiles).mock.calls.length;
   await user.click(screen.getByRole("combobox"));
-  await user.click(screen.getByRole("option", { name: "Chino simplificado" }));
+  await user.click(screen.getByRole("option", { name: "简体中文" }));
   expect(await screen.findByRole("heading", { name: "记忆模型" })).toBeTruthy();
   expect(vi.mocked(getModelProfiles).mock.calls).toHaveLength(reads);
 });
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ it("shows the help and diagnostics group by default and hides it when opted out"
   const view = render(<R6Settings onDiagnostics={vi.fn()} />);
   expect(screen.getByRole("combobox")).toBeTruthy();
   await user.click(screen.getByRole("combobox"));
-  expect(screen.getAllByRole("option")).toHaveLength(4);
+  expect(screen.getAllByRole("option")).toHaveLength(12);
   await user.keyboard("{Escape}");
   await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "连接其他应用" }));
   expect(screen.getByTestId("connection-default").textContent).toBe("true");

memhub/apps/web/src/api.ts

@@ -1025,6 +1025,20 @@ export type SedimentationState = {
   imports_unaffected: boolean;
 };
 
+/**
+ * Tell Core the display language (null = follow the system). zh-Hans and
+ * null leave the SDK's zh/en detection; any other code sets its prompts.
+ */
+export async function setUiLanguage(
+  uiLanguage: string | null,
+): Promise<{ ui_language: string | null; sdk_language: string }> {
+  const response = await client.put<{
+    ui_language: string | null;
+    sdk_language: string;
+  }>("/api/v1/settings/ui-language", { ui_language: uiLanguage });
+  return response.data;
+}
+
 export async function getSedimentation(): Promise<SedimentationState> {
   const response = await client.get<SedimentationState>(
     "/api/v1/sedimentation",

memhub/apps/web/src/call-history-client.ts

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export const CALL_HOSTS: Record<string, string> = {
   pi: "Pi",
   "deepseek-harness": "DeepSeek Harness",
 };
-export function callHostName(id: string | null, locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN") {
+export function callHostName(id: string | null, locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans") {
   return id === null
     ? translate(locale, "calls.directHost")
     : Object.hasOwn(CALL_HOSTS, id)
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ const HEADLINES = {
 export function callEventHeadline(
   item: CallEvent,
   host?: string,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ) {
   const name = host ?? callHostName(item.host_id, locale);
   const fixed = HEADLINES[item.state as keyof typeof HEADLINES];
@@ -93,10 +93,13 @@ export function callEventHeadline(
     count: plainCount(locale, count),
   });
 }
-export function callRowHeadline(item: CallEvent, locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN") {
+export function callRowHeadline(
+  item: CallEvent,
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
+) {
   return callEventHeadline(item, undefined, locale);
 }
-export function callRowDetail(item: CallEvent, locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN") {
+export function callRowDetail(item: CallEvent, locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans") {
   const host = callHostName(item.host_id, locale);
   const key: MessageKey =
     item.state === "timed_out"
@@ -121,13 +124,13 @@ export function callRowDetail(item: CallEvent, locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN") {
 export function callDetailHeadline(
   item: CallEvent,
   host?: string,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ) {
   return callEventHeadline(item, host, locale);
 }
 export function callDeliveryLabel(
   item: CallEvent,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ) {
   if (item.delivery === "delivered")
     return translate(locale, "calls.detail.delivered", {
@@ -139,7 +142,7 @@ export function callDeliveryLabel(
 }
 export function callReturnDeliveryLabel(
   item: CallEvent,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ) {
   if (
     item.state === "timed_out" ||

memhub/apps/web/src/clock-stamp.test.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe("clockStamp", () => {
     "reports an unknown time for %j",
     (value) => {
       expect(clockStamp(value)).toBe("时间未知");
-      expect(clockStamp(value, "zh-CN")).toBe("时间未知");
+      expect(clockStamp(value, "zh-Hans")).toBe("时间未知");
       expect(clockStamp(value, "es")).toBe("Hora desconocida");
     },
   );
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ describe("clockStamp", () => {
     // 12:05 UTC is 09:05 local on the same day.
     const value = "2026-09-20T12:05:00Z";
     expect(clockStamp(value, "es")).toBe("Hoy 09:05");
-    expect(clockStamp(value, "zh-CN")).toBe("今天 09:05");
+    expect(clockStamp(value, "zh-Hans")).toBe("今天 09:05");
   });
 
   it("defaults to Chinese", () => {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ describe("clockStamp", () => {
     // 02:00 UTC on the 20th is still the 19th in Buenos Aires.
     const value = "2026-09-20T02:00:00Z";
     expect(clockStamp(value, "es")).not.toMatch(/^Hoy/);
-    expect(clockStamp(value, "zh-CN")).not.toMatch(/^今天/);
+    expect(clockStamp(value, "zh-Hans")).not.toMatch(/^今天/);
     expect(clockStamp(value, "es")).toBe(
       new Intl.DateTimeFormat("es", {
         month: "2-digit",
@@ -55,15 +55,15 @@ describe("clockStamp", () => {
   });
 
   it("names the year of a date in another year", () => {
-    expect(clockStamp("2254-01-13T13:54:00Z", "zh-CN")).toContain("2254");
+    expect(clockStamp("2254-01-13T13:54:00Z", "zh-Hans")).toContain("2254");
     expect(clockStamp("2025-12-31T12:00:00Z", "es")).toContain("2025");
-    expect(clockStamp("2026-08-03T15:07:00Z", "zh-CN")).not.toContain("2026");
+    expect(clockStamp("2026-08-03T15:07:00Z", "zh-Hans")).not.toContain("2026");
   });
 
   it("formats another date with month and day, without a today word", () => {
     const value = "2026-08-03T15:07:00Z";
     const es = clockStamp(value, "es");
-    const zh = clockStamp(value, "zh-CN");
+    const zh = clockStamp(value, "zh-Hans");
     // Spanish short date is day/month: 3 August. Padding varies across ICU
     // versions, so only the order is pinned.
     expect(es).toMatch(/^0?3\/0?8\b/);

memhub/apps/web/src/clock-stamp.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import { type GuiLocale, translate } from "@one-memory/i18n";
  */
 export function clockStamp(
   value: string | null | undefined,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ): string {
   if (!value || !Number.isFinite(Date.parse(value)))
     return translate(locale, "clock.unknown");

memhub/apps/web/src/diagnostics-export.ts

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export type DiagnosticsExportResult = {
 };
 
 export async function exportDiagnosticsFile(
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ): Promise<DiagnosticsExportResult> {
   if (!window.oneMemory?.exportDiagnostics) {
     return { ok: false, message: translate(locale, "diagnosticExportDesktop") };

memhub/apps/web/src/gui-language-lifecycle.test.tsx

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ it("removes browser listeners on StrictMode cleanup and final unmount", () => {
   }
 });
 it("ignores unrelated storage and language changes for explicit preferences", async () => {
-  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-CN");
+  localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "zh-Hans");
   mount();
   vi.spyOn(navigator, "language", "get").mockReturnValue("es");
   act(() => {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ it("ignores unrelated storage and language changes for explicit preferences", as
       }),
     );
   });
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:zh-CN")).toBeTruthy();
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:zh-Hans")).toBeTruthy();
 });
 it("shows errors for unavailable desktop bridges without using browser fallback", async () => {
   localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "es");
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ it("shows errors for unavailable desktop bridges without using browser fallback"
   expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe("languageLoadError");
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button"));
   expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe("languageSaveError");
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:system")).toBeTruthy();
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:system")).toBeTruthy();
   expect(read).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   expect(write).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
 });
@@ -130,11 +130,11 @@ it("validates native replies and keeps the last confirmed snapshot when saving f
   await waitFor(() =>
     expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe("languageLoadError"),
   );
-  act(() => listener({ preference: "system", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 2 }));
+  act(() => listener({ preference: "system", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 2 }));
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button"));
   expect(set).toHaveBeenCalledWith("es");
   expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe("languageSaveError");
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:system")).toBeTruthy();
-  act(() => listener({ preference: "system", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 2 }));
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:system")).toBeTruthy();
+  act(() => listener({ preference: "system", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 2 }));
   expect(screen.queryByRole("alert")).toBeNull();
 });

memhub/apps/web/src/gui-language.test.tsx

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ function desktop(get: () => Promise<LanguageSnapshot>) {
 beforeEach(() => {
   localStorage.clear();
   delete window.oneMemory;
-  vi.spyOn(navigator, "language", "get").mockReturnValue("zh-CN");
+  vi.spyOn(navigator, "language", "get").mockReturnValue("zh-Hans");
 });
 afterEach(() => {
   cleanup();
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ it("keeps confirmed language and exposes storage write errors", async () => {
     throw new Error("private storage");
   });
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button"));
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:system")).toBeTruthy();
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:system")).toBeTruthy();
   expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe("languageSaveError");
 });
 it("exposes browser read errors without crashing", () => {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ it("exposes browser read errors without crashing", () => {
 it("validates browser storage and synchronizes tabs and principal navigator language", () => {
   localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "invalid");
   mount();
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:system")).toBeTruthy();
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:system")).toBeTruthy();
   act(() => {
     localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, "es");
     window.dispatchEvent(
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ it("subscribes before reads, rejects stale snapshots and cleans StrictMode subsc
   });
   await act(async () => {
     for (const read of reads)
-      read.resolve({ preference: "zh-CN", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 1 });
+      read.resolve({ preference: "zh-Hans", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 1 });
   });
   expect(screen.getByText("es:es")).toBeTruthy();
   view.unmount();
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ it("never accesses browser persistence or browser locale in desktop mode and exp
   );
   vi.spyOn(navigator, "language", "get").mockReturnValue("es");
   act(() => window.dispatchEvent(new Event("languagechange")));
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:system")).toBeTruthy();
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:system")).toBeTruthy();
   act(() => {
     for (const listener of listeners)
       listener({ preference: "system", locale: "es", revision: 3 });
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ it("never accesses browser persistence or browser locale in desktop mode and exp
 it("does not surface an obsolete write failure after a newer save succeeds", async () => {
   const { bridge } = desktop(async () => ({
     preference: "system",
-    locale: "zh-CN",
+    locale: "zh-Hans",
     revision: 0,
   }));
   const first = deferred<LanguageSnapshot>();
@@ -194,18 +194,18 @@ it("does not surface an obsolete write failure after a newer save succeeds", asy
 });
 
 it("rejects conflicting native locale and explicit preference pairs", async () => {
-  desktop(async () => ({ preference: "es", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 1 }));
+  desktop(async () => ({ preference: "es", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 1 }));
   mount();
   await waitFor(() =>
     expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe("languageLoadError"),
   );
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:system")).toBeTruthy();
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:system")).toBeTruthy();
 });
 
 it("does not allow a late write reply to overwrite a newer native event", async () => {
   const { bridge, listeners } = desktop(async () => ({
     preference: "system",
-    locale: "zh-CN",
+    locale: "zh-Hans",
     revision: 0,
   }));
   const write = deferred<LanguageSnapshot>();
@@ -215,12 +215,12 @@ it("does not allow a late write reply to overwrite a newer native event", async
   await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button"));
   act(() => {
     for (const listener of listeners)
-      listener({ preference: "zh-CN", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 8 });
+      listener({ preference: "zh-Hans", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 8 });
   });
   await act(async () =>
     write.resolve({ preference: "es", locale: "es", revision: 7 }),
   );
-  expect(screen.getByText("zh-CN:zh-CN")).toBeTruthy();
+  expect(screen.getByText("zh-Hans:zh-Hans")).toBeTruthy();
 });
 
 it("groups counts in Chinese only where tn asks for it, never with tnPlain", () => {
@@ -259,3 +259,67 @@ it("groups counts in Chinese only where tn asks for it, never with tnPlain", ()
     "1 no se pudo procesar esta vez; reintentando",
   ]);
 });
+
+it.each([
+  ["zh-CN", "zh-Hans"],
+  ["es", "es"],
+  ["en", "en"],
+])(
+  "keeps an existing browser user's stored %s choice as %s",
+  (stored, preference) => {
+    localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, stored);
+    mount();
+    expect(screen.getByText(`${preference}:${preference}`)).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(localStorage.getItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY)).toBe(preference);
+  },
+);
+
+it("tells Core the browser choice, null for the system language", async () => {
+  const reportToCore = vi.fn().mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("offline"));
+  function Choose() {
+    const language = useGuiLanguage();
+    return (
+      <>
+        <output>{language.preference}</output>
+        <button onClick={() => void language.setPreference("ja")} type="button">
+          ja
+        </button>
+        <button
+          onClick={() => void language.setPreference("system")}
+          type="button"
+        >
+          system
+        </button>
+      </>
+    );
+  }
+  render(
+    <LanguageProvider reportToCore={reportToCore}>
+      <Choose />
+    </LanguageProvider>,
+  );
+  // Opening the browser UI tells Core nothing; only a choice does.
+  expect(reportToCore).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "ja" }));
+  // A failed report never undoes the saved display language.
+  expect(screen.getByRole("status").textContent).toBe("ja");
+  await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "system" }));
+  expect(reportToCore.mock.calls).toEqual([["ja"], [null]]);
+});
+
+it("leaves telling Core to the Desktop main process", async () => {
+  desktop(async () => ({
+    preference: "system",
+    locale: "zh-Hans",
+    revision: 1,
+  }));
+  const reportToCore = vi.fn();
+  render(
+    <LanguageProvider reportToCore={reportToCore}>
+      <Probe />
+    </LanguageProvider>,
+  );
+  await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Spanish" }));
+  await waitFor(() => expect(screen.getByText("es:es")).toBeTruthy());
+  expect(reportToCore).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});

memhub/apps/web/src/gui-language.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 import {
+  type GuiLocale,
   isLanguagePreference,
   isLanguageSnapshot,
   type LanguagePreference,
   type LanguageSnapshot,
+  normalizeLanguagePreference,
   plainCount,
   resolveGuiLocale,
   translate,
@@ -20,14 +22,16 @@ import {
 export const LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY = "memhub.ui-language";
 type LanguageError = "languageLoadError" | "languageSaveError" | null;
 type State = LanguageSnapshot & { error: LanguageError };
+/** Tells Core the display language (null = follow the system). */
+export type ReportUiLanguage = (language: GuiLocale | null) => Promise<unknown>;
 const initial: State = {
   preference: "system",
-  locale: "zh-CN",
+  locale: "zh-Hans",
   revision: 0,
   error: null,
 };
 
-function createLanguageStore() {
+function createLanguageStore(reportToCore?: ReportUiLanguage) {
   let state = initial;
   let revision = -1;
   let generation = 0;
@@ -54,7 +58,10 @@ function createLanguageStore() {
   const readBrowser = () => {
     try {
       const stored = window.localStorage.getItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY);
-      const preference = isLanguagePreference(stored) ? stored : "system";
+      const preference = normalizeLanguagePreference(stored) ?? "system";
+      // An earlier build's code (zh-CN) is kept as today's (zh-Hans).
+      if (stored !== null && stored !== preference && preference !== "system")
+        window.localStorage.setItem(LANGUAGE_STORAGE_KEY, preference);
       publish({
         preference,
         locale: resolveGuiLocale(preference, navigator.language),
@@ -158,6 +165,11 @@ function createLanguageStore() {
             revision: state.revision + 1,
             error: null,
           });
+          // Desktop tells Core from its main process; the browser UI does it
+          // here. Best effort: the display language is already saved.
+          void reportToCore?.(
+            preference === "system" ? null : preference,
+          ).catch(() => {});
         }
       } catch {
         if (generation === current && request === writeRequest)
@@ -176,8 +188,14 @@ const LanguageContext = createContext<LanguageContextValue>({
   setPreference: async () => {},
 });
 
-export function LanguageProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
-  const [store] = useState(createLanguageStore);
+export function LanguageProvider({
+  children,
+  reportToCore,
+}: {
+  children: ReactNode;
+  reportToCore?: ReportUiLanguage;
+}) {
+  const [store] = useState(() => createLanguageStore(reportToCore));
   const state = useSyncExternalStore(
     store.subscribe,
     store.getSnapshot,

memhub/apps/web/src/main.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { StrictMode } from "react";
 import { createRoot } from "react-dom/client";
 
 import { App } from "./App";
+import { setUiLanguage } from "./api";
 import { LanguageProvider } from "./gui-language";
 import { installNativeDisplayStyles } from "./native-display-styles";
 import { installRendererDebugLogCapture } from "./renderer-debug-log";
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ import.meta.hot?.dispose(stopRendererDebugLogs);
 
 createRoot(root).render(
   <StrictMode>
-    <LanguageProvider>
+    <LanguageProvider reportToCore={setUiLanguage}>
       <App />
     </LanguageProvider>
   </StrictMode>,

memhub/apps/web/src/memory-arrival-state.ts

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ function onlyRetries(blocks: readonly MemoryProcessingBlock[]): boolean {
 
 export function memoryArrivalTitle(
   arrival: MemoryArrival,
-  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-CN",
+  locale: GuiLocale = "zh-Hans",
 ): string {
   switch (arrival.phase) {
     case "checking":

memhub/apps/web/src/onboarding-r6.css

@@ -70,6 +70,10 @@
   color: inherit;
   background: #f7fafc;
   font: inherit;
+  /* One line in the fixed-height button, even for long names (fr, de, ru). */
+  overflow: hidden;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
 }
 .onboarding-r6-titlebar .r6-language-option-menu .om-option-menu-button::after {
   top: 10px;

memhub/apps/web/src/r6-settings.css

@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@
   background: #fff;
   font-size: 13px;
   line-height: 22px;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
 }
 .r6-settings .r6-language-option-menu .om-option-menu-button::after {
   top: 16px;

memhub/apps/web/src/ui-text-adapters.test.ts

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe("presentation adapters", () => {
   it.each(unknown)("memoryText returns unknown text %j untouched", (value) => {
     expect(memoryText("es", value)).toBe(value);
     expect(memoryText("en", value)).toBe(value);
-    expect(memoryText("zh-CN", value)).toBe(value);
+    expect(memoryText("zh-Hans", value)).toBe(value);
   });
 
   it.each(unknown)(
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe("presentation adapters", () => {
       const key = value as Parameters<typeof applicationsText>[1];
       expect(applicationsText("es", key)).toBe(value);
       expect(applicationsText("en", key)).toBe(value);
-      expect(applicationsText("zh-CN", key)).toBe(value);
+      expect(applicationsText("zh-Hans", key)).toBe(value);
     },
   );
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe("presentation adapters", () => {
     expect(applicationsText("es", "viewAll", { count: 1 })).toBe(
       "Ver la aplicación",
     );
-    expect(applicationsText("zh-CN", "viewAll", { count: 1 })).toBe(
+    expect(applicationsText("zh-Hans", "viewAll", { count: 1 })).toBe(
       "查看全部 1 个应用",
     );
     expect(applicationsText("en", "viewAll", { count: 3 })).not.toMatch(
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ describe("presentation adapters", () => {
     "没有匹配的原始对话",
     "还没有导入的原始对话",
   ])("memoryText translates %j and keeps the Chinese as is", (label) => {
-    expect(memoryText("zh-CN", label)).toBe(label);
+    expect(memoryText("zh-Hans", label)).toBe(label);
     const spanish = memoryText("es", label);
     const english = memoryText("en", label);
     expect(spanish).not.toBe(label);
@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ describe("presentation adapters", () => {
   });
 
   it("words an action as a verb inside sentences and as a noun in history", () => {
-    const action = (locale: "zh-CN" | "en" | "es") =>
+    const action = (locale: "zh-Hans" | "en" | "es") =>
       memoryText(locale, "删除（操作）");
-    expect(action("zh-CN")).toBe("删除");
+    expect(action("zh-Hans")).toBe("删除");
     expect(
-      memoryText("zh-CN", "重试{action}", { action: action("zh-CN") }),
+      memoryText("zh-Hans", "重试{action}", { action: action("zh-Hans") }),
     ).toBe("重试删除");
     expect(memoryText("es", "重试{action}", { action: action("es") })).toBe(
       "Volver a eliminar",
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ describe("presentation adapters", () => {
         error: "E",
       }),
     ).toBe("No se pudo eliminar: E");
-    expect(memoryText("zh-CN", "删除（记录）")).toBe("删除");
+    expect(memoryText("zh-Hans", "删除（记录）")).toBe("删除");
     expect(memoryText("es", "删除（记录）")).toBe("Eliminación");
     expect(memoryText("es", "删除")).toBe("Eliminar");
     expect(memoryText("en", "删除（记录）")).toBe("Deletion");
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ describe("source authorization notes", () => {
     for (const message of [note as string, `${note}完成后再开启持续同步。`]) {
       expect(isMessageKey(message), message).toBe(true);
       if (!isMessageKey(message)) continue;
-      expect(translate("zh-CN", message)).toBe(message);
+      expect(translate("zh-Hans", message)).toBe(message);
       expect(translate("es", message)).not.toMatch(/[一-鿿]/);
       expect(translate("en", message)).not.toMatch(/[一-鿿]/);
     }

memhub/docs/ARCHITECTURE.md

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ Support is declared per immutable GitHub Release manifest:
 - Linux x64/arm64 Runtime on native GHA runners.
 - macOS arm64/x64 App/Runtime: Developer ID, notarization, native acceptance.
 - Windows is not supported.
-- `hy-memory==2.0.10` is the current stable SDK dependency; the release
+- `hy-memory==2.0.11` is the current stable SDK dependency; the release
   lock and [`../MEMORY.md`](../MEMORY.md) are authoritative when the pin changes.
 
 See [`INSTALLATION.md`](INSTALLATION.md).

memhub/docs/INSTALLATION.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # MemHub 安装与发行
 
-MemHub `v1.0.5`（build 36）的发行目标如下：
+MemHub `v1.0.6`（build 37）的发行目标如下：
 
 | 平台 | 发行物 | 构建与验收 |
 | --- | --- | --- |

memhub/docs/cli/EXPERIENCE.md

@@ -184,6 +184,20 @@ node apps/cli/dist/one-memory.cjs settings features reset
 - `status --json` / `progress --json` 的 `pipeline.features` 列出与默认值不同的功能。
 - 契约见 `docs/contracts/memory-features-v1.md`。
 
+### 界面语言与 SDK 提示语言（`settings language`）
+
+```bash
+node apps/cli/dist/one-memory.cjs settings language          # 界面语言和 SDK 提示语言
+node apps/cli/dist/one-memory.cjs settings language ja       # 设为日语，立即生效
+node apps/cli/dist/one-memory.cjs settings language system   # 清除设置（不指定 SDK 语言）
+```
+
+- 可选 11 种：`en`、`zh-Hans`、`zh-Hant`、`ja`、`es`、`de`、`pt`、`fr`、`ko`、`ru`、`id`，以及 `system`；旧代码 `zh-CN` 按 `zh-Hans` 处理。
+- App 切换语言时会自动设置；Desktop 每次启动也会同步一次界面实际显示的语言（App 选“跟随系统”时，发送它按系统语言解析出的语言，例如 `zh-Hans`）。全局设置，存于 `config.json` 的 `ui_language`；从未设置时不写入。
+- 所有语言（包括 `zh-Hans` 和 `en`）都作为 `MemoryConfig.language` 传给 SDK，提取等提示使用该语言；只有未设置（`system`，或只用 CLI/API、从未打开 App 的安装）时不向 SDK 传语言，SDK 照旧自动识别中文或英文。
+- 修改会像功能开关一样重建 SDK 客户端；不迁移数据，不改集合名（需要 hy-memory 2.0.11 的 `MemoryConfig.language`）。
+- `status --json` 的 `pipeline.ui_language` / `pipeline.sdk_language`（`auto` 或语言代码；`zh-Hans` 用户显示 `zh-Hans`）。API：`GET`/`PUT /api/v1/settings/ui-language`。
+
 ## 8. 召回（recall）
 
 `recall` 两条路径（raw / memory）此前已真机验证。文本输出会标明每条是「原始对话摘录」

memhub/package.json

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 {
   "name": "one-memory",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "release": {
-    "build_number": 36,
+    "build_number": 37,
     "macos_min_version": "13.0",
     "app_update": "manual",
     "runtime_manifest_schema": 1,

memhub/packages/contracts/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@one-memory/contracts",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
   "types": "./src/index.ts",

memhub/packages/host-bridge/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@one-memory/host-bridge",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
   "exports": {

memhub/packages/i18n/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@one-memory/i18n",
-  "version": "1.0.5",
+  "version": "1.0.6",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
   "types": "./src/index.ts",

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-catalogs.test.ts

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ describe("translateCount", () => {
   it("keeps the Chinese wording for every count", () => {
     for (const count of [0, 1, 3])
       expect(
-        translateCount("zh-CN", "calls.headline.found", count, {
+        translateCount("zh-Hans", "calls.headline.found", count, {
           host: "Cursor",
           count,
         }),

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-english.ts

@@ -1947,6 +1947,30 @@ const baseEnglishMessages = {
   startupPreparing: "Starting and preparing the memory service…",
   startupUpgradeHint:
     "The first launch or a memory-data upgrade can take a few minutes. MemHub opens automatically when it is done.",
+  "migration.dialogMessage":
+    "The data migration for this MemHub upgrade did not finish.",
+  "migration.dialogDetail":
+    "To protect your data, MemHub will not start. Please attach the migration log to a GitHub issue and send it to us. (Error code: {code})",
+  "migration.dataRestored":
+    "Your data was restored to its state before the upgrade.",
+  "migration.logPath": "Log: {path}",
+  "migration.openLog": "Open log",
+  "migration.quit": "Quit",
+  "migration.issueHeading": "## Upgrade migration failed",
+  "migration.issueUpgrade":
+    "- Upgrading MemHub from {fromVersion} (build {fromBuild}) to {toVersion} (build {toBuild}) failed to migrate the data.",
+  "migration.issueCode": "- Error code: {code}",
+  "migration.issueStep": "- Failed step: {step}",
+  "migration.issueRestored":
+    "- Data restored to its state before the upgrade: {restored}",
+  "migration.issueSystem": "- System: {system}",
+  "migration.issueArch": " ({arch})",
+  "migration.issueLog": "- Migration log (local): {path}",
+  "migration.issueAttach":
+    "Please drag the log file above here as an attachment, then submit.",
+  "migration.unknown": "unknown",
+  "migration.yes": "yes",
+  "migration.no": "no",
 } as const;
 
 export const englishMessages = {

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-health-guide.test.ts

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ it("covers every health and guide key without accidental Chinese fallback", () =
       expect(translated, key).toBeTruthy();
       expect(params(translated), key).toEqual(params(value));
       expect(translate("es", key as MessageKey), key).toBe(translated);
-      expect(translate("zh-CN", key as MessageKey), key).toBe(value);
+      expect(translate("zh-Hans", key as MessageKey), key).toBe(value);
     }
   }
 });

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-locales.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import {
+  guiMessages,
+  type MessageKey,
+  SUPPORTED_LOCALES,
+  translate,
+} from "./gui-i18n.js";
+import { chineseMessages } from "./gui-i18n-messages.js";
+import { japaneseMessages } from "./locales/gui-i18n-ja.js";
+
+const placeholders = (text: string) =>
+  [...text.matchAll(/\{([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\}/g)].map((m) => m[1]).sort();
+
+/** Copy that is deliberately empty: Spanish shows no counter word. */
+const INTENTIONALLY_EMPTY: Partial<Record<string, readonly string[]>> = {
+  es: ["apps.unit"],
+};
+
+const keys = Object.keys(chineseMessages) as MessageKey[];
+
+describe.each(SUPPORTED_LOCALES)("%s catalog", (locale) => {
+  const catalog = guiMessages[locale];
+
+  it("has every key and no other", () => {
+    expect(Object.keys(catalog).sort()).toEqual([...keys].sort());
+  });
+
+  it("keeps every placeholder exactly", () => {
+    for (const key of keys) {
+      const translated = placeholders(catalog[key] ?? "");
+      const expected = placeholders(chineseMessages[key]);
+      if (key.endsWith(".one")) {
+        // A singular may drop {count} ("Voir l’application"), never invent one.
+        for (const name of translated) expect(expected, key).toContain(name);
+      } else {
+        expect(translated, `${locale} ${key}`).toEqual(expected);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("has no empty string", () => {
+    const allowed = INTENTIONALLY_EMPTY[locale] ?? [];
+    for (const key of keys) {
+      if (allowed.includes(key)) continue;
+      expect(catalog[key]?.trim(), `${locale} ${key}`).toBeTruthy();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("keeps product names untranslated", () => {
+    for (const key of keys) {
+      const english = guiMessages.en[key] ?? "";
+      for (const name of ["MemHub", "MCP", "GitHub"]) {
+        if (english.includes(name) && chineseMessages[key].includes(name))
+          expect(catalog[key], `${locale} ${key}`).toContain(name);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("translates through the shared translator", () => {
+    expect(translate(locale, "settings")).toBe(catalog.settings);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("fallback", () => {
+  it("falls back to English when a locale lacks a key", () => {
+    const key = "languageTitle";
+    const saved = japaneseMessages[key];
+    try {
+      delete (japaneseMessages as Partial<typeof japaneseMessages>)[key];
+      expect(translate("ja", key)).toBe(guiMessages.en[key]);
+    } finally {
+      japaneseMessages[key] = saved;
+    }
+    expect(translate("ja", key)).toBe(saved);
+  });
+});

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-messages.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ import {
   memoryChineseMessages,
   memorySpanishMessages,
 } from "./gui-i18n-memory.js";
+import {
+  migrationChineseMessages,
+  migrationSpanishMessages,
+} from "./gui-i18n-migration.js";
 import {
   onboardingChineseMessages,
   onboardingSpanishMessages,
@@ -140,6 +144,11 @@ export const guiCatalogs: readonly Catalog[] = [
     chinese: languageChineseMessages,
     spanish: languageSpanishMessages,
   },
+  {
+    name: "migration",
+    chinese: migrationChineseMessages,
+    spanish: migrationSpanishMessages,
+  },
 ];
 
 /**
@@ -180,6 +189,7 @@ export const chineseMessages = merged.chinese as typeof guideChineseMessages &
   typeof memoryChineseMessages &
   typeof callsChineseMessages &
   typeof languageChineseMessages &
+  typeof migrationChineseMessages &
   typeof workbenchChineseMessages &
   typeof currentChineseMessages;
 

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-migration.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/**
+ * The migration failure dialog and its GitHub issue prefill (Desktop).
+ * Product names, codes, versions and paths are placeholders, never copy.
+ */
+export const migrationChineseMessages = {
+  "migration.dialogMessage": "MemHub 升级时数据迁移没有完成。",
+  "migration.dialogDetail":
+    "为保护你的数据，MemHub 不会启动。请把迁移日志附在 GitHub 反馈里发给我们。（错误码：{code}）",
+  "migration.dataRestored": "记忆数据已恢复到升级前的状态。",
+  "migration.logPath": "日志：{path}",
+  "migration.openLog": "打开日志",
+  "migration.quit": "退出",
+  "migration.issueHeading": "## 升级迁移失败",
+  "migration.issueUpgrade":
+    "- 从 MemHub {fromVersion}（build {fromBuild}）升级到 {toVersion}（build {toBuild}），迁移数据失败。",
+  "migration.issueCode": "- 错误码：{code}",
+  "migration.issueStep": "- 失败步骤：{step}",
+  "migration.issueRestored": "- 数据已恢复到升级前状态：{restored}",
+  "migration.issueSystem": "- 系统：{system}",
+  "migration.issueArch": "（{arch}）",
+  "migration.issueLog": "- 迁移日志（本地）：{path}",
+  "migration.issueAttach": "请把上面这个日志文件拖到这里作为附件，再提交。",
+  "migration.unknown": "未知",
+  "migration.yes": "是",
+  "migration.no": "否",
+} as const;
+
+export const migrationSpanishMessages: Record<
+  keyof typeof migrationChineseMessages,
+  string
+> = {
+  "migration.dialogMessage":
+    "La migración de datos de esta actualización de MemHub no se completó.",
+  "migration.dialogDetail":
+    "Para proteger tus datos, MemHub no se iniciará. Adjunta el registro de migración a una incidencia de GitHub y envíanoslo. (Código de error: {code})",
+  "migration.dataRestored":
+    "Tus datos se restauraron al estado anterior a la actualización.",
+  "migration.logPath": "Registro: {path}",
+  "migration.openLog": "Abrir registro",
+  "migration.quit": "Salir",
+  "migration.issueHeading": "## Falló la migración de la actualización",
+  "migration.issueUpgrade":
+    "- Al actualizar MemHub de {fromVersion} (build {fromBuild}) a {toVersion} (build {toBuild}), falló la migración de datos.",
+  "migration.issueCode": "- Código de error: {code}",
+  "migration.issueStep": "- Paso fallido: {step}",
+  "migration.issueRestored":
+    "- Datos restaurados al estado anterior a la actualización: {restored}",
+  "migration.issueSystem": "- Sistema: {system}",
+  "migration.issueArch": " ({arch})",
+  "migration.issueLog": "- Registro de migración (local): {path}",
+  "migration.issueAttach":
+    "Arrastra aquí el archivo de registro indicado arriba como adjunto y luego envía la incidencia.",
+  "migration.unknown": "desconocido",
+  "migration.yes": "sí",
+  "migration.no": "no",
+};

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-onboarding.test.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ it("provides Spanish copy for every onboarding message with identical interpolat
         .map((match) => match[1])
         .sort(),
     );
-    expect(translate("zh-CN", key)).toBe(chinese);
+    expect(translate("zh-Hans", key)).toBe(chinese);
     expect(translate("es", key)).toBe(spanish);
   }
 });
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ it("keeps product names, paths and error codes intact during interpolation", ()
     "Importar el historial de Cursor",
   );
   expect(
-    translate("zh-CN", "onboardingImportHistory", { name: "Cursor" }),
+    translate("zh-Hans", "onboardingImportHistory", { name: "Cursor" }),
   ).toBe("导入 Cursor 历史");
   expect(
     translate("es", "onboardingModelOperationFailed", {

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n-recovery.test.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ it("covers every recovery key in Spanish with identical interpolation parameters
       params(recoveryChineseMessages[key]),
     );
     expect(translate("es", key), key).toBe(recoverySpanishMessages[key]);
-    expect(translate("zh-CN", key), key).toBe(recoveryChineseMessages[key]);
+    expect(translate("zh-Hans", key), key).toBe(recoveryChineseMessages[key]);
   }
 });

memhub/packages/i18n/src/gui-i18n.test.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ import {
   isLanguageSnapshot,
   type LanguagePreference,
   type LanguageSnapshot,
+  LOCALE_NAMES,
   type MessageKey,
+  normalizeLanguagePreference,
   resolveGuiLocale,
+  SUPPORTED_LOCALES,
   translate,
 } from "./gui-i18n.js";
 
@@ -27,10 +30,20 @@ const messageKeys = [
 
 describe("GUI language contracts", () => {
   it("pins the language preference and snapshot types", () => {
-    expectTypeOf<LanguagePreference>().toEqualTypeOf<
-      "system" | "zh-CN" | "en" | "es"
+    expectTypeOf<GuiLocale>().toEqualTypeOf<
+      | "en"
+      | "zh-Hans"
+      | "zh-Hant"
+      | "ja"
+      | "es"
+      | "de"
+      | "pt"
+      | "fr"
+      | "ko"
+      | "ru"
+      | "id"
     >();
-    expectTypeOf<GuiLocale>().toEqualTypeOf<"zh-CN" | "en" | "es">();
+    expectTypeOf<LanguagePreference>().toEqualTypeOf<"system" | GuiLocale>();
     expectTypeOf<LanguageSnapshot>().toEqualTypeOf<{
       preference: LanguagePreference;
       locale: GuiLocale;
@@ -38,11 +51,41 @@ describe("GUI language contracts", () => {
     }>();
   });
 
-  it.each(["system", "zh-CN", "en", "es"])("accepts preference %s", (value) => {
-    expect(isLanguagePreference(value)).toBe(true);
+  it.each(["system", ...SUPPORTED_LOCALES])(
+    "accepts preference %s",
+    (value) => {
+      expect(isLanguagePreference(value)).toBe(true);
+    },
+  );
+
+  it("lists eleven languages, each by its own name", () => {
+    expect(SUPPORTED_LOCALES).toHaveLength(11);
+    expect(SUPPORTED_LOCALES.map((locale) => LOCALE_NAMES[locale])).toEqual([
+      "English",
+      "简体中文",
+      "繁體中文",
+      "日本語",
+      "Español",
+      "Deutsch",
+      "Português",
+      "Français",
+      "한국어",
+      "Русский",
+      "Bahasa Indonesia",
+    ]);
   });
 
-  it.each([undefined, null, "", "EN", "ES", "es-MX", {}, [], 1, true])(
+  it("maps the legacy zh-CN preference so existing users keep their choice", () => {
+    expect(isLanguagePreference("zh-CN")).toBe(false);
+    expect(normalizeLanguagePreference("zh-CN")).toBe("zh-Hans");
+    expect(normalizeLanguagePreference("es")).toBe("es");
+    expect(normalizeLanguagePreference("en")).toBe("en");
+    expect(normalizeLanguagePreference("system")).toBe("system");
+    for (const value of [undefined, null, "", "zh", "EN", {}, 1])
+      expect(normalizeLanguagePreference(value)).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it.each([undefined, null, "", "EN", "ES", "es-MX", "zh-CN", {}, [], 1, true])(
     "rejects invalid preferences: %j",
     (value) => expect(isLanguagePreference(value)).toBe(false),
   );
@@ -60,8 +103,8 @@ describe("GUI language contracts", () => {
     ).toBe(true);
     expect(
       isLanguageSnapshot({
-        preference: "zh-CN",
-        locale: "zh-CN",
+        preference: "zh-Hans",
+        locale: "zh-Hans",
         revision: Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER,
       }),
     ).toBe(true);
@@ -71,8 +114,9 @@ describe("GUI language contracts", () => {
       [],
       {},
       { preference: "en", locale: "es", revision: 0 },
-      { preference: "es", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 0 },
-      { preference: "zh-CN", locale: "es", revision: 0 },
+      { preference: "es", locale: "zh-Hans", revision: 0 },
+      { preference: "zh-Hans", locale: "es", revision: 0 },
+      { preference: "zh-CN", locale: "zh-CN", revision: 0 },
       { preference: "system", locale: "system", revision: 0 },
       { preference: "system", locale: "es" },
       ...[-1, 0.5, NaN, Infinity, Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER + 1, "0"].map(
@@ -102,16 +146,36 @@ describe("GUI locale resolution", () => {
     (language) => expect(resolveGuiLocale("system", language)).toBe("en"),
   );
 
-  it.each(["zh", "zh-CN", "zh-SG", "zh-Hans"])(
+  it.each(["zh", "zh-CN", "zh-SG", "zh-Hans", "zh-Hans-HK"])(
     "resolves Simplified Chinese family %s",
-    (language) => expect(resolveGuiLocale("system", language)).toBe("zh-CN"),
+    (language) => expect(resolveGuiLocale("system", language)).toBe("zh-Hans"),
+  );
+
+  it.each(["zh-TW", "zh-HK", "zh-MO", "zh-Hant", "zh-Hant-TW"])(
+    "resolves Traditional Chinese family %s",
+    (language) => expect(resolveGuiLocale("system", language)).toBe("zh-Hant"),
+  );
+
+  it.each([
+    ["ja-JP", "ja"],
+    ["de-AT", "de"],
+    ["pt-BR", "pt"],
+    ["pt-PT", "pt"],
+    ["fr-ES", "fr"],
+    ["fr-CA", "fr"],
+    ["ko-KR", "ko"],
+    ["ru-RU", "ru"],
+    ["id-ID", "id"],
+    ["in-ID", "id"],
+  ])("resolves %s to %s", (language, locale) =>
+    expect(resolveGuiLocale("system", language)).toBe(locale),
   );
 
   it.each([
     undefined,
     "",
-    "zh-TW",
-    "fr-ES",
+    "it-IT",
+    "nl",
     "en-US-u-rg-eszzzz",
     "es_MX",
     "es--ES",
@@ -125,7 +189,8 @@ describe("GUI locale resolution", () => {
 
   it("prioritizes explicit preferences over the system language", () => {
     expect(resolveGuiLocale("es", "zh-CN")).toBe("es");
-    expect(resolveGuiLocale("zh-CN", "es-MX")).toBe("zh-CN");
+    expect(resolveGuiLocale("zh-Hans", "es-MX")).toBe("zh-Hans");
+    expect(resolveGuiLocale("ja", "zh-TW")).toBe("ja");
     expect(resolveGuiLocale("en", "es-MX")).toBe("en");
     expect(resolveGuiLocale("es", "invalid_locale")).toBe("es");
   });
@@ -135,19 +200,19 @@ describe("GUI messages", () => {
   it.each(messageKeys)(
     "provides Chinese, English and Spanish text for %s",
     (key) => {
-      expect(translate("zh-CN", key).length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+      expect(translate("zh-Hans", key).length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
       expect(translate("en", key).length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
       expect(translate("es", key).length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-      expect(translate("en", key)).not.toBe(translate("zh-CN", key));
-      expect(translate("es", key)).not.toBe(translate("zh-CN", key));
+      expect(translate("en", key)).not.toBe(translate("zh-Hans", key));
+      expect(translate("es", key)).not.toBe(translate("zh-Hans", key));
     },
   );
 
   it("provides stable settings and language names", () => {
-    expect(translate("zh-CN", "settings")).toBe("设置");
+    expect(translate("zh-Hans", "settings")).toBe("设置");
     expect(translate("en", "settings")).toBe("Settings");
     expect(translate("es", "settings")).toBe("Configuración");
-    expect(translate("zh-CN", "nativeErrorTitle")).toBe("MemHub 无法启动");
+    expect(translate("zh-Hans", "nativeErrorTitle")).toBe("MemHub 无法启动");
     expect(translate("es", "nativeErrorTitle")).toBe(
       "MemHub no pudo iniciarse",
     );